Cell cycle quiz

Cell division

cell undergoes reproduction and two genetically identical daughter cells result

Chromosomes

Structures that contain most of the cells genetic info in the form of DNA

Asexual reproduction

creation of genetically identical offsprings by1 parent. Without an egg and sperm

Clone

group of genetically identical individuals.

Sexual reproduction

Requires egg and sperm and gamet

Binary fussion

• how prokaryotes reproduce

• type of cell division where it divides in half

Chromatin

The entire complex- equal amounts of DNA and a protein

Sister chromatid

one of 2 identical copies of chromosomes formed during DNA replication

Centromere

region of a chromosome where 2 sister chromatids are joined together

G1

• chromatin is loose

• normal life, making proteins

S

• synthesis

• DNA replication occurs so that each daughter cell has an exact copy of the genome after division

• Goes from chromosomes to duplicated chromatin with 2 sister chromatids

G2

• preps for mitosis

• makes more organelles and proteins

Prophase

• Nuclear envelope starts to disinegrate

• cell gets its DNA organized and ready to divide

Prometaphase

• nuclear envelope breaks apart and chromosomes are free in the cell

• spindle fibers attach to chromosomes and the chromosomes move toward the central of the cell

metaphase

• chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell neatly, ready to be pulled apart

• spindle fibers are attached to them

Anaphase

• chromosomes are pulled apart

• sister chromatids sperate at the centromeres

• each chromatid becomes an individual chromosome

• spindle fibers shorten and pull chromosomes to opposite poles of the cells

Telophase

• chromosomes are at the opposite ends of the cell

• they uncoil ack into chromatin

• cell starts to prepare to divide its cytoplasm

cytokinesis

• cell splits into 2 seperate daughter cells

• in animal cells, the membrane pinches inward (clevage furrow)

• results int wo identical daughter cells