Caesar 1.6-1.7

What Latin word is the antecedent of quibus (1)?

itinera

What descriptive detail do we learn about the first “iter” in line 2?

the 'narrowest one'

ut facile perpauci prohibere possent

Translate: 'so that very few could easily stop it'.

singuli

one at a time

What is the TENSE, MOOD, and VOICE of this word: ducerentur

Imperfect, subjunctive, passive

In line 6 we learn that they had recently been subdued.

Allobroges

nonnullis locis

Translate: 'In some places'.

True or False: 'By the second route, the Rhone River can be crossed in some places by wading.'

VERUM

Describe duo itinera e quibus Helvetii eligere poterant ut exirent

First route meant that they had to cross the rhone river; second route avoided contact with enemies, but it was harder to cross because of the terrain

In line 8, we learn that this is 'a city near Helvetia'.

Genava

Allobroges' feelings towards the Romans; why might they not have warm feelings?

Recent Roman expansion or control after being subdued

existimabant vel vi coacturos ut per suos fines eos ire paterentur

Translate: 'They thought they would force them to allow them to pass through their borders'.

Omnibus rebus…comparatis

Best translated as: 'With all things prepared…'.

What specific date was set for coming together?

March 28

Ubi erat Caesar cum Helvetii ad Genavam convenerunt

He was in the Roman province.

iter facere

Best translated as 'to make their journey'.

Caesari cum id nuntiatum esset, eos per provinciam nostram iter facere conari

Translate literally: 'When it was reported to Caesar that they were attempting to make their route through our Province, he hastens to set out from the city'.

What does id reference?

The Helvetians’ plan to migrate and cross the Rhone.

quam maximis itineribus

Translate: 'by as great journeys as he can'.

itineribus; What are the case and use?

Ablative plural; ablative of means.

quam maximum…numerum

Translate: 'The greatest number of'.

Quot legiones militum erant in Gallia ulteriore?

two legions

pontem...iubet rescindi

Translate: 'He orders the bridge to be torn down'.

rescindi; What is the verb form?

Present, passive, infinitive.

Ubi…certiores facti sunt

Translate: 'Where they became more certain'.

qui dicerent; What construction is used with this?

Relative purpose clause.

What reason and reassurance did the Helvetians give for their request?

Reason: they have been driven from their home and have no other path

Reassurance: they don’t want to harm anyone or cause trouble

memoria tenebat

Translate in context: 'He remembered'.

What historical event influenced Caesar’s decision about whether to allow passage?

The Roman victory over the Helvetians.

According to lines 3-4 (neque homines...existimabat), why did Caesar not want to grant the Helvetians’ request?

He thought their reason to do this was fake and they were acting purposefully

Under what circumstances in war does the ritual indicated by the phrase sub iugum missum (line 14) occur?

This occurs after a defeat in war to humiliate.

Translate and identify the construction: data facultate

The opportunity having been given; perf passive participle (ablative).

Translate and identify the construction: itineris faciendi

Of making the journey; gerund.

Why does Caesar want a delay?

To ensure all representatives are present.