Cardiovascular and Blood Components Vocabulary Review

A comprehensive set of flashcards covering vocabulary related to the cardiovascular system and blood components.

Granulocytes

White blood cells with granules in the cytoplasm, including neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils.

Agranulocytes

White blood cells without granules in the cytoplasm, including monocytes and lymphocytes.

Diapedesis

The process by which white blood cells travel through the walls of blood vessels to reach infected tissues.

Thrombocytes

Platelets that aid in the clotting process.

Erythrocytes

Red blood cells that are responsible for carrying oxygen and carbon dioxide throughout the body.

Leukocytes

White blood cells that play a key role in the immune system; there are five different types.

Erythropoietin

A hormone that regulates the production of new red blood cells.

Antibodies

Proteins that identify foreign antigens as markers; they help determine blood types and can cause clumping.

Rh Antigen

An antigen that determines if a person is Rh positive or negative.

Hematopoiesis

The process by which red blood cells are produced in the red bone marrow.

Neutrophils

The most numerous type of white blood cell, characterized by a lobed nucleus and involved in fighting infection through phagocytosis.

Lymphocytes

A type of white blood cell with a large spherical nucleus; T cells fight cancer and B cells produce antibodies.

Basophils

White blood cells with granules in the cytoplasm that release histamine during allergic reactions.

Diastole

The relaxation phase of the heart during which blood fills the chambers.

Systole

The contraction phase of the heart during which blood is pumped out of the chambers.

Tachycardia

An abnormally high heart rate, typically over 100 beats per minute.

Bradycardia

An abnormally low heart rate, typically under 60 beats per minute.

Arteries

Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart and have thicker walls.

Veins

Blood vessels that carry blood toward the heart and have thinner walls than arteries.

Pulmonary Circuit

The pathway that pumps deoxygenated blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs and back.

Systemic Circuit

The pathway that pumps oxygenated blood from the left side of the heart to the rest of the body.

Heart Sounds

The sounds made by the closing of heart valves: 'LUB' is the sound of AV valves closing, while 'DUB' is the sound of semilunar valves closing.

Apex of the Heart

The pointed bottom part of the heart, directed towards the left hip.

Base of the Heart

The top part of the heart that sits at the center of the mediastinum.

Semilunar Valves

Valves located between the ventricles and the arteries that exit the heart (pulmonary and aortic valves).

Atrioventricular Valves

Valves located between the atria and the ventricles (tricuspid and bicuspid/mitral valves).