Urban Settlements and Spatial Planning Flashcards

This set of vocabulary flashcards covers stages of urban growth, demographic concepts, urbanization criteria, ekistics elements, and various spatial planning theories and models.

Infantile stage

A stage of urban growth where residential and commercial areas are not separate and buildings are distributed all over the place.

Juvenile Stage

A stage where the horizon of houses rises and factories are built.

Mature Stage

A stage of urban growth characterized by the division of zoning.

Senility

A stage where growth has a steady decline in economic growth.

Demography

The branch of science that studies human population, specifically the processes of births, mortality, and migration.

Urbanization

A population shift from rural to large areas or the process where a parcel of land becomes urban.

Urban barangay

An area with a population of $5000$ or more, $100$ employees, $5$ establishments with $10-99$ employees, and $5$ facilities within a $2\,km$ radius from the barangay hall.

Ekistics

The science of human settlements, involving ecology, psychology, anthropology, culture, politics, and aesthetics.

Dr. Constantinos Doxiadis

A Greek architect and urban planner known as the Father of Ekistics who coined the term.

Metropolis

The capital city of a country.

Megapolis

A group of metropolitan areas.

Eperopolis

An immense conurbation covering a significant part of a continent.

Encurmenopolis

A single city encompassing the whole world.

Concentric Zone Model

Also known as the Burgess model or bull’s eye model, developed by Ernest Burgess in $1920$, where a city grows outward in concentric rings from a single center.

Sector Model

Developed by Homer Hoyt in $1939$, this model posits that land-use zones expand outward from the CBD along transportation lines.

Multiple Nuclei Model

Developed by Chauncey D. Harris and Edward L. Pullman in $1945$, stating that cities evolve around several nodes or focal points rather than a single core.

Growth Pole/Center theory

A model by Francois Perroux in $1950$ where economic growth is not uniform but takes place around a specific pole or cluster.

Growth Polie

A French concept by Perroux based on economic space; it is an abstract concept that does not exist in reality and requires large-scale capital.

Grpwth Centre

An American concept by Boudeville based on the study of Minas Gerais and the idea of geographical space.

Theory of comparative advantage

An economic theory by David Ricardo ($1772-1823$) concerning the exporting of goods.

Isolated state Model

A model by Johann Heinrich Von Thunan ($1789-1850$) that explored land use patterns in an idealized place considering transportation and market access.

Least Cost Theory

A theory by Alfred Weber ($1868-1958$) used to predict the locational pattern of industries by seeking sites with minimum costs for transportation and labor.

Losch’s Theory of Location

A market-area or profit maximization approach developed by August Losch in $1909$ focusing on market-driven spatial distribution.

Locational independence

A theory by Harold Hotelling in $1929$ where competition leads to strategic locations affecting pricing strategies.

Central Place theory

A framework developed by Walter Christaller in $1983$ providing information on the historical pattern of market areas and how settlements provide goods to surrounding populations.

Agglomeration

Proximity to other similar businesses where production is cheaper because of the clustering of economic activity.

Urban Planning

The systematic effort to organize and analyze data to make sound decisions on a regional and national scale, often favoring public interest.

Planned Unit Development

A regulatory process that permits developers to meet community density without zoning requirements, resulting in diversified and flexible structures.

Transit-oriented Development (TOD)

Planning designed for the movement of goods and people between points to reduce environmental impact and promote economic development.

Trip Generation/attraction

The first step of the $4$-step TOD model which predicts the number of person-trips based on volume of production and attraction to each zone.

Trip Distribution

The second step of the $4$-step TOD model focusing on the volume of travel and distribution of trips between specific zones.

PLACE

The primary sectors of development consisting of Social, Economic, Environmental, Governance, and Infrastructure.