Solutions & Electrochemistry

osmotic pressure equation

Answer B

in mmol

100ml —> .1L * 0.1 = 0.01mol —→ 10mmol

just find kb= what

Ka=10^-9

-log(Ka)= 9 = pKa

14-9=5 = pKb

or

answer A

Passage A

Passage A

Answer B

Passage A

Answer: D

Just solve

an external power source (ex. battery) supplies an electric ucrrent to drive a nonspontaneous (G>0) redox reaction, which in turn converts electrical energy into chemical energy. (electrolytic or galvanic/voltaic cell)?

electrolytic

Cell potential equation

E cell= Ered (cathode)- Ered (anode)

involves a spontaneous (G<0) reaction that converts chemical into electrical energy (produces electric current) (electrolytic or galvanic/voltaic)

galvanic cell

Passage B

Passage B

Answer A

No, electrolytic is non-spontaneous, but the passage said its spontaneous (so its volcaic/galvanic)

Passage B

just state for the ions, which side it goes to…

NO3- goes to anode

K+ goes to cathode

anode

where oxidation occurs (loses electron)

cathode

where reduction occurs (gains electron)

1F= 1mol

0.61 F= 0.61 mol e-

0.61mol e- * (1mol Al(s)/3 mol e-) = 0.2mol Al(s)

Answer: 0.2mol *27= 5.4g Al (s)

More engative E means better anode because it would more likely to be oxidized

so zinc and magnesium

concentration of Ni2+ anode vs cathode, electron flows where?

The cation concentration is greater in the cathode because electrons flow from anode to cathode

Passage C

and why (based on the concentration of cation of cathode vs anode) Passage C

the barium nitrate half cell (cathode), because cathode Ba2+ is > Ba2+ anode

Passage C

Passage C

Passage C

anything that increases concentration of BaSO4 will do so

So 1 2 and 3 only is the answer

1. increase Ba2+ favors reverse reaction

2. increase So42- favors reverse

3. increase Ba2+ favors reverse

4. Na+ and Cl- are not common ions found in this reaction so it won’t decrease solubility

Henry’s Law

used to calulate how much of a specific gas dissolves in a liquid at given temp

Answer:D

Passage D

Passage D

Explain if they are bronsted lowry or lewis and acid or base

Use Passage D

fully dissolve, partially, or not dissolve?

A. decrease pH

B. increase pH

C. Adding ammonium bromide

D. Cooling solution

Answer: B

Answer B:

Answer: Cr 4+

Answer: A

Answer; A

Just solve

1,2,4

Passage E

Passage E

2 and 3 only

Passage E (read)

Answer: A

flow of electron from anode to cathode produces an electric current that can be used to do work, which is inferred from standard cell potential Ecell (voltage difference between anode and cathode as measured by a voltmeter. If no current is flowing rhough the cell, Ecell=0V

Passage F

1, 2, 4

Passage F

migration rate will increase, decrease or remain same?

Passage F

Answer: A

0.8 Faradays

A. measured volume of second sn2+ solution sample is inaccurate and less than 100mL

B. The stated concentration of second sn2+ solution is inaccurate and less than 0.05M

C. Second sample contains an impurity that can oxidize some C3+ back to Ce4+

D. The second solution sample contains a metal cation impurity that can also be oxidized by Ce4+

Answer:D

Answer B

because pH is greater than pKa—→ deprotonated so HNO2 should be less than NO2-

Answer D

½ (answer)

Answer A

Yes pH 5.8

two ways

use Ka or Pka

Answer B

Increase in Ka does what?

decreases pKA and pH

due to more H+ ions

Passage Gastric acid/parietal cell

Answer B

(not A)

Passage AED

AED

Passage AED

Answer B

Passage AED

Answer

Q=It

C (which is Q’s unit) (mol e-/9.6 10^4 C) * (mol Cd/2mol e-)

Q divided by F and Z

so answer is D

Passage AED