ESCI 1001 Review Questions (Q 1-3)

Eons of Geological Time

Hadean, Archean, Proterozoic, Phanerozoic

Eras of the Phanerozoic

Paleozoic, Mesozoic, Cenozoic

Framework of assumptions for an entire field of Science

Paradigm

Age of the Big Bang

13.77 Ga

Aerosols in the Atmosphere

Water, ice, dust, soot, salt

What happens at most Convergent Plate Boundaries

Plates collide and one subducts under the other

Chemical Formula for Calcite

CaCO3

According to Bowen’s reaction series, what Crystallizes first

Olivine

Warning of Volcanic Activity is based on

Observation, seismicity, gases, deformation

How is Soil Texture characterized

Ration of sand to silt to clay

Steps in making a Sedimentary Rock

Weathering, erosion, deposition, compaction, cementation

Rocks produced by increasing Metamorphism of Shale

Slate, phyllite, schist, gneiss

Basis of Stratigraphic Correlation

Lithology, fossil content, chronology

Evolution is facilitated by

Variation, selection

How is Earthquake Risk assessed

Probability of a magnitude within a specified time

How are Slope Failures delayed

Strengthen slope, manage damage

Processes in the Water Cycle

Evaporation, transpiration, condensation, precipitation, flow

Path of Groundwater Flow

Recharge to storage to discharge

Seafloor features

Shelves, slopes, plains, ridges, seamounts, trenches, canyons

Examples of Glacial Features and Deposits

Stritrations, U-shaped valleys till, erratics, drumlins, eskers, moraines, loess, varves, drgostamer