UB PAS 407 EXAM 1

Trapezius

Function: elevates, retracts, depresses, and rotates scapula

Innervation: Accessory n. (CN XI)

Vascularization: Transverse cervical and dorsal scapular arteries

Latissimus dorsi

Function: extends, adducts, and medially rotates humerus

Innervation: Thoracodorsal nerve

Vascularization: Thoracodorsal artery

Levator scapulae

Function: elevates scapula, tilts glenoid cavity inferiorly

Innervation: Dorsal scapular nerve; Cervical nerves C3 and C4

Vascularization: Dorsal scapular artery

Rhomboids (major and minor)

Function: retract and rotate scapula, fix scapula to thoracic wall

Innervation : Dorsal scapular nerve

Vascularization: Dorsal scapular artery

Serratus posterior superior

Function: proprioception, elevates upper ribs (inspiration?)

Innervation: intercostal nerves 2-5

Vascularization: Posterior intercostal arteries

Serratus posterior inferior

Function: proprioception, depresses lower ribs (expiration?)

Innervation: Intercostal nerves 9-12

Vascularization: Posterior intercostal arteries

Splenius (capitis and cervicis)

Function: Unilateral: rotation of head to same side

Bilateral: extension of head and neck

Innervation: Dorsal rami of spinal nerves

Vascularization: Occipital artery

Erector spinae

Function: Unilateral: lateral flexion and rotation of vertebral column and head

Bilateral: extension of vertebral column and head

Innervation: Dorsal rami of spinal nerves

Transversospinalis

Function: Bilateral- head/vertebral extension, Unilateral- contralateral rotation

Innervation: Dorsal rami of spinal nerves

Rectus capitis posterior major

Function: Extension of skull

Innervation: Suboccipital nerve

Vascularization: Vertebral artery/ descending branch of occipital artery

Rectus capitis posterior minor

Function: Extension of skull

Innervation: Suboccipital nerve

Vascularization: Vertebral artery/ descending branch of occipital artery

Obliquus capitis inferior (Inferior oblique)

Function: Rotation of C1 and C2

Innervation: Suboccipital nerve

Vascularization: Vertebral artery

Obliquus capitis superior ( superior oblique)

Function: proprioception, extension of skull?

Innervation: Suboccipital nerve

Vascularization: Vertebral artery

Pectoralis major

Function: adducts, horizontally flexes, medially rotates the shoulder

Innervation: medial/lateral pectoral nerves

Vascularization: Pectoral branch of thoracal acromial trunk

Pectoralis minor

Function: stabilizes scapula, elevates ribs

Innervation: medial pectoral nerves

Vascularization: Pectoral branch of thoracal acromial trunk

Subclavius

Function: anchors/ depresses clavicle during motion

Innervation: nerve to subclavius

Supraspinatus

Function: initiates abduction of shoulder, assists with fixation of humeral head

Innervation: suprascapular nerve

Infraspinatus

Function: shoulder fixator, external rotator

Innervation: suprascapular nerve

Teres minor

Function: acts with infraspinatus; fixate/externally rotate shoulder

Innervation: axillary nerve

Subscapularis

Function: shoulder fixator, internal rotator

Innervation: upper/lower subscapular nerve

Teres major

Function: medially rotates shoulder, adductor, extensor

Innervation: lower subscapular nerve

Deltoid

Function: Anterior fibers: flex/ stabilize shoulder, Posterior fibers: extend/ stabilize shoulder, Intermediate fibers abduct at shoulder

Innervation: Axillary nerve

Vascularization: posterior circumflex humeral a.

Serratus anterior

Function: protracts scapula (pulls arm forward)

Innervation: long thoracic nerve

Coracobrachialis

Function: flexes/ adducts/ stabilizes shoulder

Innervation: musculocutaneous nerve

Vascularization: branches of brachial artery

Biceps brachii

Function: flexion of shoulder/ elbow joint, strong supinator of superior radioulnar joint

Innervation: musculocutaneous nerve

Vascularization: branches of the brachial artery

Brachialis

Function: principal flexor of elbow, strong flexor at all joint angles

Innervation: musculocutaneous nerve

Vascularization: branches of the brachial artery

Triceps brachii

Function: extends elbow

Innervation: radial nerve

Vascularization: profunda brachial artery

Anconeus

Function: extends elbow, tenses joint capsule to prevent pinching

Innervation: radial nerve

Vascularization: profunda brachial artery

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Function: wrist flexion, ulnar deviation

Innervation: ulnar nerve

Palmaris longus

Function: tenses palmar aponeurosis

Innervation: median nerve

Flexor carpi radialis

Function: wrist flexion, radial deviation

Innervation: median nerve

Pronator teres

Function: pronator of the forearm

Innervation: median nerve

flexor digitorum superficialis

Function: flexion of fingers 2-5, assists in flexion of wrist and metacarpophalangeal joints

Innervation: median nerve

Flexor digitorum profundus

Function: flexion of fingers 2-5, assists in flexion of wrist and metacarpophalangeal joints

Innervation: ulnar nerve, median nerve

Flexor pollicis longus

Function: flexes wrist/ all joints of the first phalanx

Innervation: median nerve

Pronator quadratus

Function: pronates the forearm

Innervation: median nerve

Brachioradialis

Function: flexes elbow

Innervation: radial nerve

Extensor carpi radialis longus

Function: wrist extension, radial deviation

Innervation: radial nerve

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

Function: wrist extension, radial deviation

Innervation: radial nerve

Extensor digitorum

Function: extension of fingers 2-5, assists in extension of wrist

Innervation: radial nerve

Extensor digiti minimi

Function: extensor of 5th digit

Innervation: radial nerve

Extensor carpi ulnaris

Function: wrist extension, ulnar diviation

Innervation: radial nerve

Supinator

Function: supination of forearm

Innervation: radial nerve

Extensor indices

Function: isolated extension of 2ed digit

Innervation: radial nerve

Extensor pollicis longus

Function: extends wrist, metacarpophalangeal joint, interphalangeal joint of thumb

Innervation: radial nerve

Extensor pollicis brevis

Function: generates extension of wrist MCP joint, interphalangeal joint

Innervation: radial nerve

Abductor pollicis brevis

Function: contracts first digit

Innervation: radial nerve

Flexor pollicis brevis

Function: flexion of thumb

Innervation: ulnar nerve, median nerve

Opponens pollicis

Function: opposition of thumb

Innervation: median nerve

Flexor digiti minimi brevis

Function: flexion of little finger

innervation: ulnar nerve

Opponens digiti minimi

Function: opposition of little finger

Innervation: ulnar nerve

adductor pollicis

Function: adduction of thumb

Innervation: ulnar nerve

Lumbricals

Function: flexion of fingers at metacarpophalangeal (MP) joints, extension of fingers at interphalangeal (IP) joints

Innervation: Median nerve (lumbricals 1 and 2), Ulnar nerve (lumbricals 3 and 4)

Palmar interossei

Function:Contracts to pull digits 2,4,5 closer to digit 3 (adduction), flexion/ extension of finger joints

Innervation: ulnar nerve

Dorsal interossei

Function: abduct fingers away from midline (digit 3), flexion/ extension of finger joints

Innervation: ulnar nerve