GI Disorders and Nursing Care

This set of flashcards covers vocabulary related to the gastrointestinal system, assessment, diagnostic procedures, and nursing care.

Parotid Gland

A salivary gland located near the ear; important for saliva production.

Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)

A diagnostic procedure allowing visualization of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum.

Colonoscopy

A procedure that allows visualization of the entire colon; used for screening and diagnosis.

NPO

Nil per os; instructing a patient to refrain from eating or drinking before a medical procedure.

GI Bleed

Hemorrhage in the gastrointestinal tract; can be upper or lower.

Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD)

A condition characterized by erosion of the mucosal lining of the stomach or duodenum, often related to H. pylori infection.

GERD

Gastroesophageal reflux disease; a condition with acidic backflow causing heartburn and esophageal irritation.

Barium Swallow

A radiologic test to visualize the upper GI tract after ingesting a barium solution.

Hematemesis

Vomiting blood; can indicate significant gastrointestinal bleeding.

Gastritis

Inflammation of the stomach lining caused by various factors including infections and irritants.

Intravenous (IV) fluids

Fluids administered directly into the vein to maintain hydration and electrolyte balance.

Risk Factors

Conditions or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing a disease, such as smoking and obesity for GERD.

Fecal Occult Blood Test (FOBT)

A test used to check for blood in the stool, indicating potential gastrointestinal issues.

Antacids

Medications that neutralize gastric acid, used for treating heartburn and indigestion.

Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)

Medications that reduce stomach acid production; used for treating GERD and ulcers.

Mucosal Protectant

A medication that adheres to ulcer sites and protects them from stomach acid.

Signs and Symptoms

Clinical manifestations experienced by the patient, such as pain, nausea, or vomiting.

Patient Teaching

Education provided to the patient regarding managing their health condition and treatment.

Monitoring Vital Signs (VS)

Regular checking of a patient's blood pressure, pulse, temperature, and respiratory rate.