APSC Finals

sports organization

• group of individuals through sports to accomplish certain objective/s

• includes local high school athletics department, multinational sport management firms, and everything in between

characteristics of ideal sports organization

• effectiveness (effective leaders, supervisors, organizations)

• integrations of organizational aspects (units, levels)

• job and communication satisfaction

• innovation

• adaptability

• creativity

• overall organizational effectiveness and performance

major elements of sports organization

• cooperation

• common purpose

• communication

cooperation

major elements of sports organization

• an organization’s members must be willing to contribute

common purpose

major elements of sports organization

• pursues a _______ or objective that focuses the efforts of its members

• ex: mission statement

communication

major elements of sports organization

• necessary for organization’s survival

• without this, the purpose of the organization could never be communicated and there could be no interaction between members

dimensions of sports communication

• task oriented communication

• interpersonal oriented communication or relations oriented communication

• change oriented or development oriented communication

task oriented communication

dimensions of sports communication

• when sports leader closely supervises performance and tells subordinate what to do

interpersonal oriented communication or relations oriented communication

dimensions of sports communication

• when sports leader is not closely supervising the performance of subordinates

• works instead to listen and provide supportive, trusting, and respectful working environment

intraorganizational sports communication

• communication with internal republics

• communicating internally

• exchanging info within organization

interorganizational communication

• communication between aspect of organizational communication

• communication with external publics

forms of communication in sports organizations

• least interactive

• potentially interactive

• most interactive

least interactive

forms of communication in sports organizations

• involves written forms

• can be delivered to an audience without f2f or oral interaction

potentially interactive

forms of communication in sports organizations

• can be delivered with or without audience interaction

• activities such as verbal and video presentations

most interactive

forms of communication in sports organizations

• includes working sessions, synchronous electronica communication, and personal discussions

leadership communication in sport

• developing

• delivering

• sustaining

developing

leadership communication in sport

• need to develop leadership message

• whether its a vision statement, mission statement, or call for action

delivering

leadership communication in sport

• leader proclaims message to an audience

• if leader does not understand the audience and its perceptions, they will fail

sustaining

leadership communication in sport

• leader must sustain the leadership message

  • keeping it alive and meaningful through feedback, reiteration, and coaching

internal communication in sports

• act of aligning your sports employees and staff in the strategic branding of company or sport’s organization

• focusing on loyalty and benefits of athletes, staff, and sports team

key components of internal communication

• clear strategy with specific goals

• education on company’s mission/ vision

• trust and transparent communication

• great employee/ organization experience

• positive workplace/ team culture

• professional development opportunities

• effective cross-departmental collaboration and teamwork

application of internal communication sports

• peer communication

• mentors communication

• communication training

peer communication

application of internal communication in sports

• athlete to athlete

• for motivation, team chemistry, execution of play. and friendship

mentors communication

application of internal communication in sports

• leadership

• managers to coaches

• coaches to players

communication training

application of internal communication sports

• coach to players

• internal PR practices

• managers to players

ethics in sports communication

• gender issues

• game-fixing

• libel issues

• sensationalized news

• player conduct

• data and info privacy

• copyright and trademark

• authentic sports news

• racism

• religious and cultural norms

• unbiased sport news

• physical and mental disabilities

case studies of ethics in sports comm

• Donald Sterling’s Racist Remarks

  • lost angeles clippers

• the Nancy Navalta Gender Discrimination

Media

• refers to a variety of means through which communication takes place

Mass Media

• denotes the segment of media focused on reaching masses (large num of people)

• various types

  • newspaper, radio, TV, web, other news media platforms

  • use of various modes of delivery

    • print, radio, signals, internet, various social media tools

ex: ESPN, One sports, Fox sports

sports mass media

• encompasses reporting and commentary on sports and the various associated activities that surround and influence sports

  • often reinforce and reflect institution of sports

  • sports industry depends on media to provide visibility (coverage), promotion and marketing, credibility, information, advertising and publicity, and revenue

roles of sports mass media

• informing

• influencing

• entertaining

• telling

• delivering

• reinforcing

informing

roles of sports mass media

• presenting newsworthy stories

influencing

roles of sports mass media

• producing story or event

entertaining

roles of sports mass media

• reporting info that changes mindsets and actions

telling

roles of sports mass media

• publishing commentary and opinions

delivering

roles of sports mass media

• bringing messages to audience

reinforcing

roles of sports mass media

• supporting cultural values

careers in sports media

• sports broadcaster

• sports analyst/ commentator

• sports reporter

• sports writer

• content creator

• sports photographer

• sports videographer

• sports editor

• social media manager

• public relations officer

• media relations officer

• sports researcher

sports broadcasting

• distribution of sporting events and info via mass media

• delivering actual sports experience and events through different online and broadcasting media platforms

• contributes to the growth of the sports industry as various sports content expand the fan/ audiences’ knowledge on different sports

multimedia convergence

• it is also evident in sports reporters expanding routines and responsibilities

  • words, pictures, videos, audio recordings and other interactions that now exist across both legacy and digital platforms

• due to increase of convergence (partnerships across mass media) and advances in electronic digital comm, many sports entities are now involved in more than one genre of sports comm

  • ex: ABSCBN sports + action, LIGA, iWant, TFC, Fox Sports

sports publishing

sports media delivery systems

• business or profession involving the commercial production and dissemination of info related to sports

• includes all forms of sports related publishing

  • sportsbooks, sports magazines, newspaper sports sections, sports websites, annuals, team newsletters, etc

print sports communication

sports media delivery systems

• involves any medium that disseminates printed matter related to sports

sports media delivery systems

• sports publishing and print sports communication

• newspaper sport coverage

• wire services

• web sports media

• news sports media

• sports magazines

• radio

• TV

• sports photo journalism

newspaper sport coverage

sports media delivery systems

• many sporting events have press boxes that are full of print journalists who cover the action

• ex: Inquirer

wire services

sports media delivery systems

• supply sports news to both print and non-print media organizations and customers

• includes text, graphics, audio, video, and photographs provided by sports journalists

web sports media

sports media delivery systems

• sports reporters have used the internet to find background info for stories, search for sources, and interview sources via email

sports magazines

sports media delivery systems

• similar to newspapers

  • struggled to retain subscribers due to media demassification and digitalization

electronic and visual communication in sports

• radio

• television

• sports photo journalism

radio

electronic and visual communication in sports

• provides sounds that you would hear if you were live at an event

• helps listeners imagine event, players, fans, and stadium

television

electronic and visual communication in sports

• one of the most far reaching communication apparatuses & info and entertainment transmitters that has ever existed

sports photo journalism

electronic and visual communication in sports

• magazines capture still shots of athletes, coaches, and fans

  • portraying unique moments in time

essentials of sports website

1. individuals’ level of involvement with respective sports entity

2. individuals motives for internet use

3. content

4. design

5. image branding of sports’ entities

6. performance

7. usability

8. commerce

design factors of sports website

• elements of space

• size of images

• use of animation

• number of words per line

• color and size of characters

criteria for website evaluation

• degree to which website is oriented towards customers

• technology

• marketing

• security

• other factors

degree to which the website is oriented towards customers

criteria for website evaluation

• fulfilment, personalization, playfulness, feedback, and contact info

technology

criteria for website evaluation

• usability, accesibility, navigability

marketing

criteria for website evaluation

• advertising, promotion, customer service

security

criteria for website evaluation

• privacy, trust

other factors

criteria for website evaluation

• visual appearance, interactivity, and multimedia internet

sports website trends

1. simpler but more visually attractive design

2. balance between info and commercial transactions

3. implementation of social media & user interaction

key dimensions of website usability

• learnability

• efficiency

• memorability

• error management

• satisfaction

learnability

key dimensions of website usability

• consumer’s ability to accomplish basic tasks during their initial visit to the site

efficiency

key dimensions of website usability

• addresses the ability to perform tasks quickly once they have learned site’s design

memorability

key dimensions of website usability

• consumer’s ability to perform tasks effectively and accurately when returning after period of inactivity

error management

key dimensions of website usability

• number and severity of errors made by consumers on site

• as well as their ability to recover from these errors

satisfaction

key dimensions of website usability

• addresses website’s design and purpose

new sports media: communication models

• mobile technology

• social media

• video on demand

mobile technology

new sports media: communication models

• smartphones and tablet devices have enabled people to remain in contact with friends. family, and business colleagues at all times from almost anywhere

social media

new sports media: communication models

• form of new media

• involves interaction between users

video on demand

new sports media: communication models

• provides sports consumers with ability to select and watch videos by simply pushing a button

• ex: pay per view, Netflix, Hulu

impact of social media in sports

• platform bridge between athlete/ team and fans

• platform for sports brand endorsements (sports marketing)

• for greater influence: platform for sports advocacies

• platform to promote brand identity or public image

• sport leagues’ global reach

• sharing of positive/ negative news media content and coverage (game highlights)

• digital media rights outstage TV broadcast rights and coverage

• serves as platform for live coverage and streaming of games and other sports shows

• enhances sports participation and feedback from fans and sports consumers

christiano ronaldo

most followed athlete in social media (673 million)

national basketball association (NBA)

most number of followers for sports league (89.9 million)

51%

% of global sports fans that stream live sports through different digital channels (Nielson Sports)

80%

% of sports fans that uses social media while watching live sports (Nielsen)

43%

% of GenZ fans that uses social media while watching live sports (Nielsen)

61%

% of sports viewers follow their fave sports/ athlete online

51%

% of fans getting content on FB

31%

% of fans getting content on IG

25%

% of fans getting content on Twitter (X)

superbowl

most trending live sports event in history of sports social media topics

• for the past 2 decades

types of sports content

• live analysis of game (pre game, in game, post game)

• sports blogs / editorials

• podcasts

• sports documentaries

• sports talk shows

• news reporting

tips to make content engaging to fans

• feature latest sports issue and trends

• highlight moments of game

• talk about ultimate fan experience

• feature popular & controversial sport personalities

• make the discussion intresting and entertaining

• utilize different digital media platforms

• hire best content hosts

• measure success of content

sports podcast

• program made in digital audio format

• can be downloaded over internet or streamed online on streaming / social media platform

• series of eps with interviews and discussion of different sports topics, hosted by sports personality/ celebrity

• ex: Sports Retorts with Hooli and the Joe, Go Hard Girls

steps in creating a sports podcast

1. select a sports genre or topic

2. choose intresting name for podcast

3. create format and style

4. know and be comfortable with sports content

5. set up your recording space and record your show

select sports genre/ topic (1)

steps in creating a sports podcast

• consider TA and type of sports content you want to discuss

choose an interesting name (2)

steps in creating a sports podcast

• should be according to TA and preferred topic

• witty and relatable

create format and style (3)

steps in creating a sports podcast

• creating this helps listeners understand ep structure

• will leave a good impression on listeners

• style of discussion will certainly make your content appealing to listeners

know and be comfortable with your sports content (4)

steps in creating a sports podcast

• make sure to discuss relevant and updated topics

• research on topic before discussing

• you may invite special guests

set up your recording space and record your show (5)

steps in creating a sports podcast

• isolate yourself in studio or in any place quiet and fit for acoustics

• you can always edit and export before publishing

• invest in latest sound and recording equipment

types of podcast

1. interview format

2. solo / monologue format

3. co-hosted format

4. panel format

sports journalism

• an area of contemporary sports media that delivers and produces written broadcast information, analysis, and opinion

  • on different sports events, personalities, and issues involving sports industry

characteristics of sports journalist

• knowledge of sports industry is crucial

• excellent research abilities, written or oral communication skills

• strong desire & passion for sports

• capacity to build relationship with fans

• credible positive image

• creative and flexible

types of sports journalism

1. sports writing (news articles, blogs, opinions)

2. sports analysis & commentaries

3. sports news and reporting

4. sports photography

5. sports interview

sports photography

• focuses on capturing sports moments like game highlights and events

• can also be used for advertising sport, brand, and advocacies

sport photography tips

• learn nature and rules of game

• learn to use camera

• plan shooting positions

• use zoom and wide angle camera lens

• learn about exposure and shutter speed

• do not use flash

Sports Photography (FFAE)

• focus

• face

• action

• equipment

focus

Sports Photography (FFAE)

• picture should not be blurry

Face

Sports Photography (FFAE)

• you can capture athlete’s face and emotion

action

Sports Photography (FFAE)

• act of athleticism or emotional event is taking place