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When a wave strikes an object and bounces back/off.

Reflection

Bending of waves when passing from one medium to another, caused by a change of speed.

Refraction

Bending of waves around a barrier, depending on the wavelength and size of the opening.

Diffraction

An object that has the ability to produce its own light (e.g., Sun, firefly).

Luminous

An object that cannot produce its own light.

Non-luminous

An object through which light passes completely, allowing one to see through it (e.g., water, plastic).

Transparent

An object through which some light passes, but not completely (e.g., sheet of paper).

Translucent

An object that does not allow light to pass through (e.g., table, wall).

Opaque

A mirror that forms a virtual image that is upright and the same size as the object.

Plane Mirror

A mirror that is curved inward; can form real or virtual images depending on object position.

Concave Mirror

A mirror that is curved outward; always forms virtual, upright, and reduced images.

Convex Mirror