APHUG Vocab Unit 6

African city model

a generalized diagram of an urban area in sub-Saharan Africa that contains pre-colonial European colonial, and post-colonial elements and is or was segregated by race

blockbusting

A process by which real estate agents convince white property owners to sell their houses at low prices because of fear that persons of color will soon move into the neighborhood

boomburb

rapidly growing (double-digit growth) suburban cities with a population greater than 100,000

brownfields

a property that is potentially contaminated by hazardous substances, pollutants, or containments

Burgess concentric zone model

a large city is divided in concentric zones with a tendency of each inner zone to expand in the other zone

census

a survey of the total population of a region done by a governing body. It gather information about the age, sex, economic status, education, and attributes of the people in a region

central place theory

in any given region there can only be one large central city which is surrounded by a series of smaller cities, towns, and hamlets

de facto segregation

people are segregated into separate areas by fact rather than by low or policy. Segregation that happens naturally

edge city

an urban area with a large suburban residential and business area surrounding it. These areas are tied together by a beltway

exurb

residential, prosperous, but rural areas beyond the suburbs

galactic city model

a city with growth independent of the GBD that is traditionally connected to the central city by means of an arterial highway or interstate

gentrification

urban renewal that leads to the displacement of the occupying demographic. It is commonly associated with rising property values in previously low-income urban areas, which may force current residents to move away

globalization

the increasing connection of economic, cultural, and political characteristics across the world. It provides an opportunity to diffuse ideas.

greenbelts

a designated area of land around a city or urban area that is protected from development in order to preserve open space, reduce urban sprawl, and promote sustainable land use.

multiple nuclei model

a city that does not have one control area, but instead has several nodes that act as regional centers for economic or residential activity within one larger city

Hoyt sector model

describes the growth of US cities based on economic and physical geography. The Hoyt sector model is based on a CBD connected to a Factories/Industrial sector

Latin American city model

combines elements of Latin American Culture and globalization by combining radial sectors and concentric zones. Includes a thriving CBD with a commercial spine

megacity

a city that has a very large, and growing population. Typically found in the developing world. 10 million

metacity

Any urban area or conurbation with more than 20 million people

primate city

a city that functions as by far the largest city in the country it inhabits. It may have a population between a third and a half of that of the whole country.

Rank-size rule

a rule about an inverse size to rank, often described as the size of cities in a country

redlining

a discriminatory practice in which financial institutions don’t give loans because those areas are predominantly inhabited by racial or ethnic minorities

Semi-periphery

Standard of living lower than those in the “core”, but much higher than those in the “periphery”. They are almost exclusively centers of manufacturing and exporting.

Slow-growth city

Urban communities where the planners have put into place smart growth initiatives to decrease the rate at which the city grows horizontally to avoid the adverse affects of sprawl.

Southeast Asian city model

they each feature high-class residential zones that stem from the center, middle-class residential zones that occur in inner-city areas, and low-income squatter settlements that occur in the periphery

squatter settlement

a collection of buildings aimed to provide housing and shelter for poor people in a city. the people who live in squatter settlements do not have legal rights to the land upon which they are built; therefore, they are living there illegally

suburbanization

growth of cities outside of an urban area. They grow in the galactic/edge city model because of the interstate highway and the availability of goods outside of the city

walkability

the accessibility of amenities by foot. It is based on the idea that urban spaces should be more than just transport corridors designed for maximum vehicle throughout

world city

an urban center that is a major player in the global economy and is connected to a network of other global cities through economic, cultural, and political linkages

urban hierarchy

ranking of settlements (hamlets, village, town, city, metropolis) according to their size and economic functions