Health Science 2 Study Guide - 25/26 Flashcards

A comprehensive vocabulary vocabulary flashcard set covering medical terminology decoding rules, suffixes, prefixes, organ system roots, clinical concepts, and common medical abbreviations from the Health Science 2 Study Guide.

Suffix

The end of a medical word that indicates an action, procedure, or condition.

Prefix

The beginning of a medical word that indicates where, when, how fast, or how many.

Combining Form/Root

The middle of a medical word that identifies the exact body part or organ system involved.

-ectomy

A surgical suffix meaning removal or excision.

-tomy

A surgical suffix meaning incision or cutting into.

-stomy

A surgical suffix meaning the creation of an opening.

-plasty

A surgical suffix meaning surgical repair.

-scopy

A diagnostic suffix meaning visual examination.

-itis

A disease suffix meaning inflammation.

-osis

A disease suffix meaning a condition or abnormal increase.

-malacia

A symptom suffix meaning softening.

-megaly

A symptom suffix meaning enlargement.

-pathy

A disease suffix meaning disease.

-asthenia

A symptom suffix meaning weakness.

-paresis

A symptom suffix meaning partial paralysis or weakness.

-plegia

A symptom suffix meaning paralysis.

-algia

A symptom suffix meaning pain.

-emia

A symptom suffix meaning a blood condition.

-phagy

A symptom suffix meaning eating or swallowing.

ab-

A prefix meaning away from.

ad-

A prefix meaning toward.

brady-

A prefix meaning slow.

tachy-

A prefix meaning fast.

hyper-

A prefix meaning excessive, above, or increased.

hypo-

A prefix meaning deficient, below, or decreased.

e-, ex-

Prefixes meaning out or away from.

epi-

A prefix meaning above or upon.

inter-

A prefix meaning between.

intra-

A prefix meaning within.

para-

A prefix meaning beside or near.

per-

A prefix meaning through.

poly-

A prefix meaning many or much.

sub- or infra-

Prefixes meaning below or under.

a-, an-

Prefixes meaning without or not.

quadri-

A prefix meaning four.

cutane/o, derm/o, dermat/o

Combining forms referring to the skin.

hidr/o

Combining form referring to sweat.

aden/o

Combining form referring to a gland.

lip/o

Combining form referring to fat.

onych/o

Combining form referring to the nails.

xer/o

Combining form meaning dry.

melan/o

Combining form meaning black.

erythr/o

Combining form meaning red.

cyan/o

Combining form meaning blue.

oste/o

Combining form referring to bone.

arthr/o

Combining form referring to a joint.

chondr/o

Combining form referring to cartilage.

crani/o

Combining form referring to the skull.

mandibul/o

Combining form referring to the lower jaw.

stern/o

Combining form referring to the breastbone.

cost/o

Combining form referring to the ribs.

clavicul/o

Combining form referring to the collarbone.

brachi/o

Combining form referring to the arm.

spondyl/o

Combining form referring to the vertebrae or spine.

cervic/o

Combining form referring to the neck.

-clast

A suffix referring to something that breaks down.

my/o, muscul/o

Combining forms referring to muscle.

tendin/o, ten/o

Combining forms referring to tendons.

fibr/o

Combining form referring to fiber.

kinesi/o

Combining form referring to movement.

ton/o, -tonia

Terms referring to tone or tension.

cardi/o

Combining form referring to the heart.

angi/o, vas/o

Combining forms referring to vessels.

arteri/o

Combining form referring to arteries.

phleb/o, ven/o

Combining forms referring to veins.

thromb/o

Combining form referring to a clot.

pericardi/o

Combining form referring to the sac surrounding the heart.

endocardi/o

Combining form referring to the inner lining of the heart.

leuk/o

Combining form meaning white.

gastr/o

Combining form referring to the stomach.

enter/o

Combining form referring to the intestines.

col/o, colon/o

Combining forms referring to the large intestine or colon.

hepat/o

Combining form referring to the liver.

cholecyst/o

Combining form referring to the gallbladder.

Tissue (Contractile)

A type of body tissue composed of specialized fiber bundles held together by connective wrapping designed to contract.

Conscious Muscle Control

Functional control of muscles by the conscious mind, such as the biceps.

Automatic Muscle Control

Muscles that move on their own without conscious effort, such as the heart or stomach.

Fontanels

The unjoined 'soft spots' in a newborn infant's skull.

Sutures

Immovable adult joint lines formed when the skull bones lock together.

Bile Pathway

The route from the liver (production) through hepatic and cystic ducts to the gallbladder (storage), and through the hepatopancreatic sphincter into the small intestine.

Glycogen

The complex carbohydrate form in which the liver stores extra sugar.

Glucose

The simple sugar the liver converts stored carbohydrates back into for sudden energy.

Auscultation

The act of listening to a patient with a stethoscope during a physical exam.

Palpation

Using the hands to gently press, feel, and examine a body area for abnormalities.

c/o

Abbreviation for 'complains of'.

Hx vs. Dx

The shorthand for History versus Diagnosis.

Bx

Abbreviation for biopsy.

STAT vs. PRN

Shorthand for 'immediately' versus 'as needed'.

NPO

Abbreviation meaning 'nothing by mouth'.

q_H

Shorthand for 'every _ hours'.

ROM

Abbreviation for 'range of motion'.

RICE

Acronym for treatment involving Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation.

HEENT

Abbreviation for Head, Eyes, Ears, Nose, and Throat.

HTN

Abbreviation for hypertension (high blood pressure).

DVT

Abbreviation for deep vein thrombosis.

PVCs

Abbreviation for premature ventricular contractions.

CABG

Abbreviation for coronary artery bypass graft.

CBC

Abbreviation for complete blood count.

UGI/LGI

Abbreviations for Upper Gastrointestinal and Lower Gastrointestinal.

Occult Blood Test

A medical test used to detect hidden blood in a sample.