Cleary Chapter 13

Which structure secretes glucagon?

Alpha cells

Type 2 diabetes is a condition whose onset and severity can be greatly decreased with which of the following?

Exercise

A person with low blood sugar will experience which of the following?

Tachycardia

Which of these therapies should be avoided after insulin use?

Hot packs

Athletes with hyperglycemia but normal ketonuria are allowed to participate as long as serum glucose is assessed every

15 minutes

Which of these is a symptom of hypoglycemia?

Anxiety

_______________ diabetes, formerly called insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), is characterized by the body's inability to produce insulin.

Type 1

_______________ is defined as the blood sugar being too low.

Hypoglycemia

The pancreas secretes _______________, which stimulates liver, muscle, and fat cells to absorb glucose in the blood.

insulin

Glucagon also stimulates muscles to manufacture glucose from stored protein by means of _______________.

gluconeogenesis

_______________ is a disease in which the body is unable to produce or use insulin effectively.

Diabetes mellitus

_______________ diabetes is caused by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic beta cells, which are responsible for producing insulin.

Type 1

Diabetes is known to cause _______________ in up to 70% of patients who have the disease.

neuropathy, nerve damage

_______________ is an effective and quick assessment that measures blood sugar (serum glucose).

Glucometry

_______________ is suggestive of tissue breakdown and unmanaged diabetes.

Ketonuria

If insulin is administered, it should be injected into the _______________ tissues of the abdomen, upper thigh, or upper arm.

subcutaneous

Hyperglycemia is a result of too little glucose being in the blood.

False

Glucagon is secreted to increase the blood sugar.

True

The liver and muscles secrete sugar as glycogen.

True

Type 1 DM makes up 90% of diabetes cases.

False

The main cause of type 2 diabetes is excess body fat (body mass index > 25) linked primarily to a sedentary lifestyle and an excess consumption of calories.

True

Women can be affected by gestational diabetes, usually occurring in the second trimester of pregnancy, and typically resolving in the middle of the third trimester.

False

A person with hypoglycemia will present with bradycardia and hypoventilation.

False

If the patient is responsive and has a blood sugar of 70 mg/dL or lower, inject the patient with glucagon.

False

Athletes with hyperglycemia but normal ketonuria are not allowed to participate until their levels return to normal.

False