Midterm Review and some Kim questions

central cord syndrome MOI? (3)

- very common

- from hyperextension injuries

- older adults with spinal stenosis

central cord syndrome presentation? (2)

- upper extremity weakness more

- focus of injury in center of cord

brown sequard syndrome MOI? 92)

- hemisection of cord

- gunshot, etc

brown sequard syndrome presentation? (3)

- same side weakness, proprioception and vibration loss

- opposite side pain and temperature loss

brown sequard same side deficits? (3)

- DCML, corticospinal tract

- weakness

- vibration and proprioception loss

brown sequard opposite side deficits? (2)

- lateral spinothalamic tract

- pain and temperature loss

anterior cord syndrome MOI?

from artery issue

anterior cord syndrome deficits? (3)

- motor function

- pain and temperature

- corticospinal and lateral spinothalamic tract

what is preserved in anterior cord syndrome? (2)

- proprioception and light touch

- anterior spinothalamic and DCML

cauda equina deficits? (3)

- LMN injury to nerve roots

- flaccid paralysis

- sensation loss

conus medullaris deficits? (4)

- UMN and LMN

- preserved or areflexic bowel and bladder

- sensory loss

- SC and nerve roots

autonomic dysreflexia? (4)

- medical emergency

- massive uncontrolled SNS discharge

- descending inhibitory signals blocked

- starts with systolic BP increase of 20-50

main causes of autonomic dysreflexia?

bladder or rectal distention

s/s of autonomic dysreflexia? (3)

- severe, pounding headache

- sweating above LOL

- gooosebumps below LOL

interventions for autonomic dysreflexia? (5)

- sit up and check BP

- search for noxious stimulus

- call

- monitor BP

- document

C6 hand function expectation?

tenodesis

C7 hand function?

normal

C6 and C7 respiration?

normal

C6 sitting balance expectation?

potential for independent with unsupervised sitting

C7 sitting balance expectation?

independent

C6 transfers expectations? (2)

- assistance to independent for level surface

- assistance with unlevel surface

C7 transfers expectations?

independent with slide board

C6 ADLs expectations? (3)

- assist to independent for all

- assistance with LE dressing

- independent driving with adapted controls

C7 ADLs expectations?

independent with adaptive equipment

C6 bowel and bladder expecations?

needs assistance

C7 bowel and bladder expecations?

independent

C6 bed mobility expectations?

needs assistance to independent

C7 bed mobility expectations?

independent with adaptive equipment

C6 wheelchair expectations? (2)

- independent to some assist with manual wheelchair

- power chair for community

C7 wheelchair expectations? (2)

- independent

- assistance with ramps and curbs

C6 and C7 pressure relief expectations?

independent

T6-T8 hand function, respiration, and sitting balance expectations?

normal and independent

T6-T8 transfer expectations?

independent including floor transfer

T6-T8 ADLs expectations? (2)

- independent

- adaptive equipment for bathing and driving

T6-T8 bowel and bladder expectations?

adaptive equipment

T6-T8 bed mobility and pressure relief expectations?

independent

T6-T8 wheelchair expectations? (2)

- independent with manual chair

- advanced skills

L1-L2 will be independent or normal for? (7)

- hand function

- respiration

- sitting balance

- transfers

- bowel and bladder

- pressure relief

- bed mobility

L1-L2 ADLs expectations? (3)

- independent

- need adaptive controls on vehicle

L1-L2 wheelchair expectations?

independent advanced

what type of ambulation is possible for a child with spina bifida at the sacral level? (2)

- ambulation in community

- with SMO

what type of ambulation is possible for a child with spina bifida at the T-L1 level?

therapeutic ambulation

what type of ambulation is possible for a child with spina bifida at the L2-L3 level?

household with walker and KAFO

post op goal for spina bifida?

prevent contractures and maintain ROM

when is a child with spina bifida most likely to ambulate?

toddler to preschool

what phase would you get a wheelchair for a child with spina bifida?

primary school to adolescence

onset of GBS is? (4)

- rapid

- symmetrical

- ascending

- distal to proximal

recovery of GBS is? (2)

- descending

- proximal to distal

primary site pathophysiology of MG? (2)

- neuromuscular junction

- decreased Ach receptors

first sign of MG? (2)

- ocular

- drooping or ptosis

which form of MD has distal weakness, cardiac, and GI involvement?

myotonic

which form of MD has a normal lifespan and affects proximal muscles?

limb-girdle

1st sign of weakness in CMT?

peroneals and dorsiflexors

LE deformity most common in CMT?

pes cavus

ALS is NOT associated with?

sensory deficits

Limb onset 1st sign for ALS? (3)

- distal

- foot drop

- asymmetrical

prognosis for ALS? (2)

- death 3-5 years after symptoms onset

- limb onset better prognosis

what is collateral sprouting?

new branches to innervate denervated muscle