🧪Micro Lab #1

What cant be seen without a microscope?

Microorganisms and Microbes

what is the purpose of the stage? (#1)

To hold the microscope slide in position

What is the purpose of the condenser ? #8

Focuses light on through the speciment

What is the purpose of the ocular lens? #1

Remagnifies the picture from the objective lens

What is the purpose of the objective lenses ? #7

Main lenses that magnify the picture

What is the purpose of the illuminator? #9

provides light

What is the puprose of the Coarse focusing knob? #4

Focuses the picture on the 10x

What is the purpose of Fine focusing knob? #5

Focuses image on 40x and 100x

Label them

1: Ocular lens
2:Objective lense
3: Stage clips
4: Stage
5: codenser
6: diaphragm
7: illuminator
8: base
9: fine focus knob
10: coarse focus knob
11:arm

Describe what a compound Microscope does

magnifies image from objective lens which is magnified again by ocular lens

Whats the formula for finding total magnification?

objective lens magnification x ocular lens magnification

Label the following

1: 100x, 400x, 1000×
2: Ocular lens
3: Objective lens
4: specimen
5: Condenser lens
6: Diaphragm
7: light

What is resolution (resolving powe)

Ability of microscope lens to distinguish between 2 points a specific distance apart

____ waveleght of light provides ____ resolution

Shorter
Greater

What’s the formula for resolving power ?

wavelength of light / 2 x numerical aperture (NA)

What is refractive index?

measurement of light bending ability

What does immersion oil do?

Increase the resolution of 100x lense
prevent light souse from scattering

What is the refractive index of air and oil?

1
1.52 (same as glass)

If a microscope has a resolution of 0.5nm, what does it mean?

Can see 2 different points down to 0.5nm if lower it get blurry

Microcope A : can see 2 different points at 1nm
microscope B: can see 2 different points at 1nm

Microscope A: can see 2 different point at 0.5nm
Microscope B: see a blurry image at 0.5nm

what does this mean and which is the better one?

Microscope A resolving power: 05nm, Microscope B resolving power at 1nm
microscope A is better

What are some shapes of bacteria? (2)

cocci, rods

When looking at microorganism we should pay attention to (3)

morphology (shape)
aragenment (how they are grouped)
Relation ship (Prokaryotes/eukaryotes)

What is the difference between Eukaryotes and prokaryotes ?

Eukaryotes have a membrane-bound nucleus prokaryotes don’t

Why cant we view live bacteria using bright field ?

it’s transparent it harder to view

What the best filter to use for live bacteria under a microscope ?

Darkfield
Phase Contrast

What will the bacteria look like for the following
Bright field
Dark field
Phase contrast

Color bacteria in light background
Completely dark background bacteria appear glowing
Light grey background bacteria have a halo

fill the following

10x 100x
40x 400x
100x 1000x

What is the difference between unicellular and multicellular?

has 1 cell
has multiple cells

Are bacteria eukaryote or prokaryote ?

Prokaryotes

What is photosynthetic ?

Organisms like plants that use light to make organic compound

What is the difference between Morphology vs arrangment ?

shape of bacteria
how bacteria is grouped

What is working distance?

distance between the lense and the slide

What is field of view vs depth of field ?

circular area when looking through microscope
thickness of speciment in sharp focus

Q: They see that the image is not in focus. Which part of the microscope should they adjust to get a sharper image?

fine focusing knob

Q:They see that the image is very dark. Which part of the microscope should they adjust first to increase the brightness?

Diaphragram increase brightness before changing light intensity

Q: Why is it important to use immersion oil when using the 100x objective? What do you think would happen if you tried to view a slide using the 100x lens but forgot to add the immersion oil?

Prevent light from scattering helps with resolution and makde image clear without oil it would be blurry

Q:What is the primary use of each of the following types of microscopy?

Bright field
Phase contrast
darkfield

Stain cells
view live bacteria by creating contrast
view live bacteria

Q: As magnification increases, the area of the field of view ___________________, the depth of the field of view ___________________, the working distance ___________________, and the amount of light required ___________________.

Decrease
Decrease
Decrease
Increase