MRI Pulse Sequences/Protocols Final Pt. 2

In MR enterography studies, oral contrast is given to...

Distend the bowel

3 multiple choice options

Breezea is a negative oral contrast sometimes utilized in MR enterography exams.

True

1 multiple choice option

Your patient presents with possible biliary duct obstruction, which of the following examinations should be completed?

Liver with MRCP

What is the appropriate centering point for an MR kidneys exam?

Lower costal margin/L3

Which of the following medications is commonly administered to help slow peristalsis during MR enterography exams?

Glucagon

3 multiple choice options

Your patient presents with symptoms of gastritis, which of the following MR examinations should be ordered?

Enterography

3 multiple choice options

The terminal ileum will be filled with oral contrast typically in ___________________ for adults.

60 minutes

3 multiple choice options

Your patient presents with a potential renal artery stenosis. Which of the following examinations should be ordered to best evaluate this?

MRA renals

Do the following describe Guess Timing Technique or Care Bolus Technique?

-Simplest method

-Post contrast acquisition should start within about 20 seconds of contrast administration

-Estimate the time it takes contrast to travel from site of injection to vascular structure under examination

Guess Timing Technique

1 multiple choice option

Do the following describe Guess Timing Technique or Care Bolus Technique?

-Most commonly utilized

-Operator watches contrast bolus arriving in the vessel and then starts the 3D sequence

-Real-time images obtained every second through the vascular structure of interest

Care Bolus Technique

1 multiple choice option

When imaging the liver, which of the following imaging planes should be obtained?

Coronal and Axial

3 multiple choice options

In pelvic imaging compression is often used because

All of the choices listed

3 multiple choice options

The coronal oblique sequence of the uterus is also known as the __________________ images of the uterus.

short-axis

When setting up the slice prescription box for axial oblique images of the prostate, how should. the box be angled?

Perpendicular to the prostatic urethra (parallel to the base of the bladder)

3 multiple choice options

Fat suppressed T1-weighted imaging is a common protocol option in imaging of the uterus because...

It differentiates between fat or hemorrhage within the adnexa

3 multiple choice options

When imaging the prostate, the b values should be both short and long to adequately visualize lesions within the prostate gland.

True

1 multiple choice option

The field of view on prostate MRs should be as ________________ as possible while still maintaining SNR.

Small

1 multiple choice option

Your patient presents to their physician with pelvic pain, so their physician is concerned they may have a cystocele. Which of the following exams should be ordered?

Bladder

3 multiple choice options

What is the centering point for the localizer light on a MR rectum exam?

ASIS

When setting up the slice prescription box for sagittal images of the rectum, how should the box be positioned?

Parallel to the line along the interpubic fibrocartilage and the anal canal

3 multiple choice options

Which of the following planes best demonstrates the uterine anatomy?

Sagittal

Your patient presents with elevated PSA lab values. Which of the following exams should be scanned?

Prostate

3 multiple choice options

A cushion should be placed under the patient's knees for a prostate MR.

False

1 multiple choice option

Which of the following is incorrect regarding imaging of the shoulder in MR?

The patient's hand should be internally rotated with the dorsal aspect of the hand pressed against the patient's leg

3 multiple choice options

MR skin markers should be utilized in upper extremity imaging when there is a palpable mass or specific area of tenderness.

True

1 multiple choice option

When planning the axial slices for a MR humerus, the positioning block should be:

Perpendicular to the humerus

3 multiple choice options

What is the centering point for a MR hand?

Mid-metacarpals (MCP joints)

When imaging the long bones in MR, both joints should always be included.

False

1 multiple choice option

When doing a MR wrist exam, the sagittal images should cover:

The entire wrist joint from medial to lateral aspects

3 multiple choice options

Select the following things that should be done when positioning for a MR hand that is able to lie prone.

-Place the affected arm outstretched with the palm facing up

-Place the affected arm as close to the center of the table as possible

-Place the affected arm by the patient's side with the palm resting on the patient's leg

-Place a pillow under the patient's chest

-Place the affected arm outstretched with the palm facing down

-Place the affected arm as close to the center of the table as possible

-Place a pillow under the patient's chest

-Place the affected arm outstretched with the palm facing down

3 multiple choice options

If the technologist is planning coronal slices of the shoulder and angles the box greater than 45 degrees, the images are likely to result in sagittal slices rather than coronal.

True

1 multiple choice option

Your patient presents with a palpable mass on the distal third of the forearm. You place a MR skin marker on the lesion and notice it is closest to the wrist joint. When positioning for coronal slices for this exam, your positioning box should be:

Parallel to the radio-ulnar joint

3 multiple choice options

When imaging the coronal slices of a foot, the slices being obtained are actually _________________ in true anatomical positioning.

Axial slices

3 multiple choice options

When planning sagittal slices of the knee, the positioning block should be angled...

Parallel to the lateral condyle of the femur

3 multiple choice options

Your patient presents with a Morton's neuroma. Which of the following exams should be ordered?

Foot

3 multiple choice options

When positioning the patient for a MR of the bony pelvis or hips, the patient's feet should be externally rotated.

False

1 multiple choice option

Which of the following planes is best for visualizing the lateral and medial collateral ligaments of the knee?

Coronal

3 multiple choice options

When planning axial oblique slices of the unilateral hip, the positioning box should be...

Parallel to the femoral neck of the affected side

3 multiple choice options

Where should the cetering light be for a bony pelvis MR?

ASIS

3 multiple choice options

Your patient presents to you with posterior pain and to rule out a Baker's cyst. Which of the following exams should be ordered?

Knee

3 multiple choice options

Where should the centering light be placed for an MR knee?

Lower border of the patella

Select all of the following that would be considered common indications for an MR enterography:

-Small bowel masses

-Uterine fibroids

-Renal cell carcinoma

-Celiac disease

-IVC tumor

-Aortic dissection

-Chron's disease

-Polyposis syndrome

-Small bowel masses

-Celiac disease

-Chron's disease

-Polyposis syndrome

3 multiple choice options

When planning the coronal images for a MRA/MRV of the abdomen, the positioning box should be:

Parallel to the midline of the right and left kidneys

3 multiple choice options

Please match the following indications to the vascular MR examination: MRA

-Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA)

-Aortic Dissection

-Mesenteric Ischemia

3 multiple choice options

Please match the following indications to the vascular MR examination: MRV

-Arteriovenous Malformation (AVM)

-IVC Tumor

-Venous Thrombosis

3 multiple choice options

When imaging the uterus, the axial DWI images can be utilized to differentiate between malignant and benign tumors.

True

1 multiple choice option

A 33 year old male patient presents to you for an MR abdomen examination. The physician has indicated that the reason for examination is pyelonephritis. Which of the following areas of anatomy should you focus on in the examination?

Kidneys

When completing a MRA or MRV, the dynamic scan is meant to capture many phases of the contrast. Please list the phases in order from the first dynamic scan phase to the last dynamic scan phase.

Arterial Phase

Venous Phase

Delayed Venous Phase

3 multiple choice options

What is the centering point for the localizer light on an MR enterography?

Iliac crest

3 multiple choice options

Which of the following sequences is crucial in prostate MR examinations?

DWI images

3 multiple choice options

Children should be given about 1 L of VoLumen _____________ prior to their MR enterography examination.

1 hour

3 multiple choice options

On the axial slices of a MRA/MRV of the abdomen the diaphragm down to the symphysis should be covered.

True

1 multiple choice option

________________ is a type of gadolinium-based contrast that is specifically utilized when imaging the liver.

Eovist

3 multiple choice options

A post-contrast dynamic scan is always ran for a prostate MR, even if the patient has had a prostatectomy.

False

1 multiple choice option

The prostate is located _______________ and _______________ to the bladder.

inferior, posterior

3 multiple choice options

Which of the following is a reason that in and out of phase images would be utilized in abdominal MR imaging?

To help determine the difference between lesions that contain fat and lesions that do not contain fat

3 multiple choice options

The _________________ is the innermost lining of the uterus.

Endometrium

In abdominal imaging, saturation bands are located in which of the following locations:

Superior, Inferior

3 multiple choice options

When imaging the adrenal glands and the kidneys, the slices in the axial plane should cover from the top of the kidneys down through the lower pole of the kidneys.

False

1 multiple choice option

Select the following MR examinations that could require use of an endo-rectal coil.

Prostate

Rectum

3 multiple choice options

Endo-rectal coils are not as commonly utilized in current MR scanning due to advances in MR magnets and pulse sequence capabilities.

True

1 multiple choice option

Select the following statements that are true regarding prostate MR imaging:

-Small FOV should be utilized

-Caffeine and alcohol should be avoided prior to imaging

-No pillow should be given underneath the patient's legs

-Images can be performed on men who no longer have a prostate.

3 multiple choice options

What is the importance of covering the pre-sacral space on a MR of the rectum?

It is important to ensure that the lymph nodes are fully covered in this area.