FINAL Audiology Exam

Auditory Processing Disorder (APD) can be diagnosed solely through standard pure-tone audiometry (true or false)

False

Acoustic neuromas (vestibular schwannomas) most commonly arise from the schwann cells of which cranial nerve?

CN VII (vestibulocochlear nerve)

Which type of skin cancer is the most common malignancy of the outer ear?

Squamous cell carcinoma

Which of the following is a hallmark feature of central deafness?

Bilateral damage to the auditory cortex resulting in an inability to perceive sound

Sudden idiopathic sensorineural hearing loss (SISNHL) is defined as a loss of at least ___ dB over ____ contiguous frequencies occurring within: (how long of a time period)

30db, 3 frequ, 3days (72 hours)

Meniere’s disease is characterized by the classic (4) :

SN HL, tinnitus, aural fullness, and vertigo

Autoimmune inner ear disease (AIED) typically presents with:

bilateral, progressive sensorineural hearing loss over weeks to months

A Type B tympanogram with normal ear canal volume is most consistent with:

middle ear effusion

A patient with acoustic neuroma would most likely present with:

Unilateral sensorineural hearing loss with poor word recognition disproportionate to the pure-tone loss

Exostoses (surfer’s ear) of the ear canal are most commonly associated with repeated exposure to cold water and wind (T/F)

True

• growths in the EAC and surgery required if get too big

In ANSD(Auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder), the presence of otoacoustic emissions indicates that outer hair cell function is intact (T/F(

True

What best explains why unilateral lesions above the cochlear nuclei rarely cause significant hearing loss?

The auditory pathway has bilateral representation (decussation) above the cochlear nuclei

The most common pattern of genetic hearing loss is:

what percent of genetic hearing loss does it account for?

Autosmal recessive

25%

• BOTH parents must carry gene

“glue ear” is another term for:

mucous (chronic) otitis media

Which maternal infection is historically the most well-known cause of congenital sensorineural hearing loss?

Rubella

Necrotizing (malignant) external otitis is most commonly seen in:

Elderly diabetic or immunocompromised patients

Which condition involves a narrowing of the ear canal without complete closure?

Stenosis

Damage to the cochlear nuclei in the brainstem would most likely result in:

ipsilateral hearing deficits only

A cholesteatoma is best described as:

An abnormal growth of keratinized squamous epithelium in the middle ear.

Highly erosive and can damage ossicles, tm and mastoid.

Dipalacusis is a condition in which:

A single tone is perceived as 2 diff pitches in the 2 ears

A patulous Eustachian tube is one that remains abnormally closed, leading to negative middle ear pressure (T/F)

False

The term MADS (Multiple Auditory Dysfunction Syndrome) refers to:

Combined peripheral and central auditory deficitis with multiple overlapping symptoms

The audiometric hallmark of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is:

A notch at 3000-6000 Hz (often 4000 Hz)

Treacher Collins syndrome is associated with which patterns of inheritance?

Autosomal dominant

Mastoditis is a potential complication of untreated otitis media in which infection spreads to the mastoid bone (T/F)

True

A temporary threshold shift (TTS) from noise exposure will recover fully given adequate time away from the noise (T/F)

True

External otitis (swimmers ear) is an infection triggered by __________ exposure, leading to bacterial or fungal growth.

water

The carhart notch, seen in otosclerosis, is an artifactual dip in bone conduction thresholds at approximately:

What is otosclerosis?

2000 Hz

An abnormal spongy bone grows around stapes footplate, fixing to the oval window

Tympanoscierosis refers to:

SG: thickening and scarring of the tympanic membrane

calcium deposits on the tympanic membrane or middle ear structures

Which congenital condition is characterized by a completely absent pinna?

Anotia

Auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD) is characterized by:

Present otoacoustic emissions with absent or abnormal ABR

Paracusis Willsii, sometimes observed in otosclerosis, refers to:

An apparent improvement in hearing in noisy environments

CHARGE Syndrome can include atresia of the ear canal as one of its features (T/F)

True

Rh incompatibility between mother and fetus can cause sensorineural hearing loss due to damage to the cochlear nuclei from elevated bilirubin (kernicterus)

True

What is the key diff between osteomas and exostoses of the ear canal?

Osteomas are typically unilateral and pedunculated; exostoses are bilateral and broad-based

External otisis (swimmer’s ear) is most commonly caused by:

bacterial infection from trapped moisture

Which stage of otitis media is characterized by a bulting, red tympanic membrane with purulent fluid?

Acute Suppurative stage

Eustachian tube dysfunction results in which primary problem?

Inability to equalize middle ear pressure

The term ‘dysacusis’ refers to:

a distortion in the perception of sound

Auditory processing disorder (APD) is best described as:

a deficit in the neural processing of auditory information despite normal peripheral hearing

microtia is characterized by a ___________ auricle

Underdeveloped / micro

anotia referes to the complete _________ of the auricle

absence

Eustachian Tube Dysfunction (ETD) produces a type ___ tympanogram, indicating _________ pressure in mid ear.

C, Negative

Three stages of suppurative otitis media infection

Initial(neg pressure),

Acute suppurative (red, bulging),

Chronic suppurative stage(persistent infection)

Dysacusis is a disorder characterized by difficulties in __________ _________ not just difficulty hearing sounds.

speech recognition

Diplacusis is the perception of a single sound as having _______ _______

different pitches (or more than one pitch)

Universal Newborn Hearing Screening (UNHS) uses tow primary methods:

OAEs and AABR

EHDI timeline states: screening by ____ month, diagnostic confirmed by ____ months, intervention by ____ months

1, 3, 6

the prevalence of severe to profound hearing loss in newborns is

1 in 1000

BAHAs are for which hearing loss types? (3)

conductive, mixed, or single-sided deafness