APUSH Unit 2

English Colony: NEW ENGLAND

• Boston

• Massachusetts

• Rhode Island

• Connecticut

English Colony: MIDDLE COLONIES

• New York

• Pennsylvania

• New Jersey

• Delaware

English Colony: Chesapeake

• Virginia

• Maryland

English colony: LOWER SOUTH

• North Carolina

• South Carolina

• Georgia

John Smith

Founded Jamestown in 1607

“He who does not work, shall not eat”

First Permanent English Colony?

Jamestown (Virginia)

First Cash Crop

Tobacco

John Rolfe

Married pocahontas and first settler in VA to successfully cultivate a tobacco farm for exports.

House of Burgesses 1619

Virginia colony established the first representative legislature in the New World.

Salutary Neglect

The crown let them govern themselves

Virgina Characteristics:

• Planter Elites

• Tobacco

• Gap between rich and poor

• literate

• Came for Gold and God

• Anglican

• Slavery

• Slavery:

A. Indentured Servitude

B. Chattel Slavery

Indentured Servitude

To go to the americas for free you had to work 7 years then after you get a small piece of land (then they become Yomen farmers)

Plymouth Colony 1620 (New England)

• Religious “separatist” from the church of England (Protestant) wanted to be more protestant

• Mayflower Compact

• small family farms

• No gap between rich and poor

• came for religious reasons

• Most Literate

Mayflower Compact

agreement to govern themselves by majority rule

Puritans 1630 (Massachusetts Bay, New England)

Religious “non-sepratist”, church of England, Hyper Religious

John Winthrop

“A city upon a Hill” Covenant Theology, led the puritans, religious leader and governor

Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson

Separation of Church and State, R.W Founded Rhode Island

Rhode Island

Acceptance of religious liberty, separation of church and state philosophy

The Restoration Colonies: Dutch and sweden (Middle Colonies)

• Came for Gold (Money)

• Religious tolerant

• Bankers

• Much more diverse

English eventually took over

The Quakers: Protestant church

Advocated for equality, pacifism, and social justice. Don’t believe in war or taxes

William Penn

Founder of Pennsylvania

Pennsylvania

• small family farms

• religious freedom

• social tolerance

• literate

• not huge gap between rich and poor

• Blue laws

Blue laws

moral laws

Who treated the natives the best?

Pennsylvania

Who treated the women most equal?

Pennsylvania

The Carolinas (Lower South)

• English that came from West indies

• Protestant

• Cattle slavery

• cash crop society

• treated the natives the worst

• Charlestown: port city

• Rice and Indigo

• Planter elites

• Large gap between rich and poor

Maryland (Chesapeake)

• Competed with Virginia but like virgina just not as rich

• Catholic

• Lord Baltimore

• Tobacco

• Planter Elites

• Has Yeoman then eventual chattel slaves

Lord Baltimore

Founder of Maryland

Buffer colony created because of…

Growing conflict between Lower South (Carolinas) and the Spanish Florida.

King created a buffer colony

Georgia

James Oglethorpe

Founded Georgia

In the 1700s

The Scot-Irish and German start to trickle in the 1700s.

Fundamental Orders of Connect, 1639

Foundation for U.S Constitution

Maryland toleration Act

Protection for catholics (economically motivated)

Colonial Economic:

• Salutary Neglect

• Mercantilism

• Triangular Trade

• Navigation Acts

• Cash Crops: Southern Colonies

• Brokering and small farms: Middle colonies

• Shipping and small farms: New England

Navigation Acts, 1660

Made mercantilism a law

Bacon’s Rebellion 1676

• Nathaniel Bacon (Yeoman, Frontiersman) vs William Berkeley (governor of VA)

• Frontier raids led to tensions

• Bacon raised army

• Burned Jamestown
  Effect: No more Indians in the chesapeake

•   Increased suffrage amarg landowners (voting rights)

• slavery became a better option

King Philip’s War 1675

• Metacom grew frustrated with

encroachment of English onto his land.

•Praying towns 3 Indians

Effect: Native Americans eliminated in New England

• created the precedent that its ok to climate natives.

Pueblo Revolt 1680

• led by Pope against spanish rule

• Natives won (only successful Native revolt)

Effect: English view spain as weak

The Great Awakening 1730s-40s

“New Light” emotional appeal

What caused the Great Awakening?

Church attendence drops, response to the enlightenment

enlightenment

reason over faith, think for yourself don’t just believe what others tell you

Jonathan Edwards

Itinerant Preacher, preached through fear

“Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God”

George Whitefield

Itinerant Preacher, Preached through emotion

Great Awakening Religious Effect?

Baptist and Methodists churches were born

John Peter Zenger

• zenger trial

• Freedom of the press

• Innocent until proven guilty

Stono Rebellion 1739

Largest colonial slave revolt

Pocahontas

Saved John Smith’s life from his execution