Chapter 2: Input Processing Output

assignment statement

A statement that assigns a value to a variable. In Python, an assignment statement can also be used to create a variable that does not exist

input symbol

A parallelogram symbol that represents an input operation

truncate

To throw away part of a piece of data, such as the fractional part of a number

comment

A note of explanation placed in a program’s code, intended for the human reader of the code

turtle graphics

A graphics system that simulates a robotic “turtle” that draws lines and shapes as it moves about

precedence

The priority that an operator has when it is included on an expression that uses multiple operators

type designator

A code in an f-string that indicates the type of value being displayed

function

A body or prewritten code that performs an operation

operand

A value or piece of data that an operator uses to perform an operation

terminal symbols

The oval symbols that designate the beginning and end of a flowchart

argument

A piece of data that is passed into a function

variable

A name that represents a value in the computer’s memory

debug

The process of finding and correcting errors in a program

processing symbol

A rectangle symbol that represents a process

newline character

An invisible character that marks the end of a line of text

pseudocode

An informal language that has no syntax rules and is not meant to be compiled or executed

numerical literal

A number that is written into a program’s code

concatenation

Appending one string to the end of another

user

The hypothetical person that is using a program

f-string

A string literal that contains special codes that cause the values of variables to be inserted and formatted

end-line comment

A comment that appears at the end of a line of code

algorithm

A set of well-defined logical steps that must be taken to perform a task

prompt

A message that tells (or asks) the user to enter a specific value

garbage collection

A process that automatically removes data that is no longer referenced by a variable from memory

math expression

Code that performs a calculation and gives a result

end user

The hypothetical person that is using a program

named constant

A name that represents a value that cannot be changed during the program’s execution

mixed-type expression

An expression that uses operands of different data types

magic number

An unexplained number that appears in a program’s code

dialog box

A graphical window that appears on the screen for the purpose of displaying information or gathering user input

math operator

A symbol that performs arithmetic on its operands

start terminal

The symbol that marks a program’s beginning point in a flowchart

string literal

A string that is written into a program’s code

precision designator

A cod in an f-string that indicates the number of decimal places that a floating-point number should be rounded to

multiline string

A string literal that spans multiple lines in a program’s code

field width designator

A code in an f-string that indicates the minimum width of a field

flowchart

A diagram that graphically depicts the steps that take place in a program

end terminal

end terminal

data type

The type of data that a variable will reference

calling a function

To execute a function

program development cycle

The process of designing, writing, correcting, testing, and debugging software

software requirement

A single function that a program must perform in order to satisfy the customer

string

A sequence of characters

output symbol

A parallelogram symbol that represents an output operation

multiple assignment statement

An assignment statement that assigns values to multiple variables

assignment operator

The assignment operator (=) assigns the value on its right to the variable on its left

customer

The person, group, or organization asking you to write a program

modulus operator

An operator that returns the remainder of a division

format specifier

A code in an f-string that causes a value to be formatted in a specific way

escape character

A special character that is preceded with a backslash (\) appearing inside a string literal and treated as a special command

logic error

A mistake in a program that does not prevent program from running but causes it to produce incorrect results

exception

An error that occurs and must be handled while a program is running

alignment deisgnator

A cod in an f-string that indicates the alignment of a value within a field