DK CHING (FRAME)

frame

A skeletal structure of relatively slender members designed to give shape and support to a building or other construction

braced frame

A structural frame whose resistance to lateral forces is provided by diagonal or other type of bracing

rigid frame

A structural frame of linear members rigidly connected at their joints. Applied loads produce axial, bending, and shear forces in all members of the frame since the rigid joints restrain the ends of the members from rotating freely

moment-resisting frame

Other term for rigid frame

hinged frame

A rigid frame connected to its supports with pin joints. The pin joints prevent high bending stresses from developing by allowing the frame to rotate as a unit strained by support settlements, and to flex slightly when stressed by changes in temperature

three-hinged frame

A structural assembly of two sections connected to each other and to its supports with pin joints. While more sensitive to deflection than either the fixed or hinged frame, it is the least affected by support settlements and thermal stresses.

A-frame

A building constructed with a steep triangular frame resting directly on a foundation

sidesway

A lateral displacement produces in rigid frame by lateral loads or asymmetrical verical loading

fixed frame

A rigid frame connected to its supports with fixed joints. A fixed frame is more resistant to deflection than a hinged frame but also more sensitive to support settlements and thermal expansion and contraction

plastic hinge

A virtual hinge that develops when all fibers are fully yielded at a cross section of a structural member

Vierendeel truss

A framed beam structure having vertical web members rigidly connected to parallel top and bottom chords. It is not a true truss since its members are subject to nonaxial bending forces. Also called Vierendeel girder.

portal method

A method for analyzing a multi-story frame as a cantilever dominated by shear racking.

cantilever method

A method for analyzing a multi-story frame as a cantilever subject to bending

moment distribution method

A method for analyzing an interminate structure through an iterative process of fixing a rigid joint in space

knee

The junction of the top and either of the uprights of a bent.

bent

A braced or rigid frame designed to carry vertical and lateral loads transverse to the length of a framed structure.

portal

A rigid frame of two columns and a beam defining a single bay. Also called single-bay frame.

multibay frame

A rigid frame having a continuous beam supported by and rigidly connected to three or more columns.

multibay frame

A vertical series of superimposed rigid frames.

transfer column

A discontinuous column In a multistory frame, supported at some Intermediate level where its load Is transferred to adjacent columns.

transfer girder

A girder supporting a transfer column.

degree of freedom

The number of members required to stabilize a collapse mechanism.

indeterminate

Of or pertaining to a structure having more than the minimum number of members, connections, or supports needed for stability, resulting In more unknown forces than there are static equations for solution.

degree of indeterminacy

The difference between the number of unknown forces In an Indeterminate Structure and the number of static editions avai'ab'e for solution.

determinate

Of or pertaining to a structure able to be analyzed completely by means of the principles of statics.

redundancy

A structural member, connection, or support not required for a statically determinate structure.

degree of redundancy

The number of members beyond that required for the stability of a statically determinate structure.

framing

the act, process, or manner of fitting and joining together relatively slender members to give shape and support to a structure

framework

A skeletal structure of parts fitted and joined together in order to support, define, or enclose

skeleton construction

A system of construction utilizing a framework of columns and beams to transmit building loads down to the foundation

plank-and-beam construction

Floor or roof construction utilizing a framework of timber beams to support wood planks or decking

post-and-beam construction

Wall construction utilizing a framework of vertical post and horizontal beam to carry floor and roof loads

post-and-lintel construction

Other term for post-and-beam construction

pole construction

A system of construction employing a vertical structure of pressure-treated wood poles that are firmly embedded in the ground as pier foundation

light frame construction

A system of construction utilizing closely spaced and sheathed members of dimension lumber or light-gauge metal to form the structural elements of a building.

principal beam

Any large beam in a structural frame that supports secondary beams or joist. Also called primary beam.

secondary beam

Any beam that transmits its load to a primary beam

tertiary beam

Any beam that transmits its load to a secondary beam

girder

A large principal beam designed to support concentrated load at isolated points along its length

trabeate

Of or pertaining to a system of construction employing beams or lintels

arcuate

Of or pertaining to a system of construction employing arches or arched forms

pole house

A house of pole construction

pole

A long, cylindrical, often slender piece of wood or metal

stilt

One of several piles or post for supporting a structure above the surface of land or water

summer

A heavy timber serving as a principal beam or girder. Also called summertree.

breastsummer

A summer supporting a wall over an opening. Also called breast beam.

trave

A cross beam or bay formed by crossbeam

binder

A principal beam supporting the ends of two sets of floor joist. Also called binding beam.

braced frame

A building frame employing a heavy, braced framework of solid girts mortised into solid post the full height of the frame, with studs one story high filling the interstices. Also called full frame.

girt

A horizontal timber connecting the post of brace frame at an intermediate level above the ground floor

raised girt

A girt parallel to and level with the floor joist. Also called flush girt.

dropped girt

A girt set below the floor joist it supports

louver

A lantern or turret on the roof of a medieval building having slotted apertures for Escape of smoke in admission of air

thatch

Material for covering a roof, as straw, rushes, or palm leaves, fashion together so as to shed water and sometimes provide thermal insulation. Also, thatching.

wattle and daub

form of wall construction consisting of wattles covered ans plastrs with clay or mud. Also, wattle and dab.

wattle

a framework of rods or pole interwoven thin branches, twigs and reeds ,used in the constructionof walls and fences

nog

One of a number of a short wooden pieces inserted between the principal members of a half timber wall to strengthen the frame and reading the brick and infill, also called nogging

nogging

Brick masonry used to fill the spaces between the members of a timber frame

half-timber

Having a timber frame work with the spaces filled with masonry or plaster. Also called half timbered

open-timbered

Constructed said that the framework of of a timber is exposed

solar

room or apartment on an upper floor of a medieval English house. Also called sollar, soller.

jetty

An upper story of a building projecting beyond on the one below. Also called jutty.

pan

Major vertical division of the wall specially in nogged panel of half timber construction.