Latin IV Final Exam Sentences

Olim in Asia erat urbs antiqua, quae Troia appellata est.

Long ago in Asia there was an ancient city, that was called Troy.

Eam urbem Graeci decem annos obsederunt tandemque ceperunt.

The Greeks besieged this city for ten years and finally they took it.

Priamo rege filiisque interfectis, urbem deleverunt.

When King Priam and his sons had been killed, they destroyed the city.

Sed Aeneas, qui inter clarissimos defensores urbis fuerat, cum paucis comitibus ex urbe effugit; cum profugos ex omnibus partibus coegisset, in Italiam migrare constituit.

But Aeneas, who had been among the most famous defenders of the city, fled from the city with a few companions; when he had collected refugees from all parts, he decided to migrate to Italy.

Post septem annos venit in eam partem Italiae ubi erat urbs Laurentum.

After seven years he came into the region of Italy where the city of Laurentum was.

Ibi cum Troiani praedam ex agris agerent, Latinus rex Aboriginesque, qui ea loca tenebant, agros defendere paraverunt.

When the Trojans were driving cattle from the fields, King Latinus and the Aborigines, who were holding these places, prepared to defend the fields.

Sed Latinus, postquam in colloquio originem multitudinis ducisque cognovit, pacem cum Aenea fecit atque postea ei Laviniam filiam in matrimonium dedit.

But Latinus, after he recognized in conversation the origin of the multitude and their leader, made peace with Aeneas and gave his daughter Lavinia to him in marriage.

Troiani urbem condiderunt, quam Aeneas ab nomine uxoris Lavinium appellavit.

The Trojans founded a city, which Aeneas named Lavinium after his wife's name.

Deinde Turnus, rex Rutulorum, cui Lavinia ante adventum Aeneae desponsa erat, bello Latinum Troianosque aggressus est.

Then Turnus, king of the Rutulians, to whom Lavinia was betrothed before the arrival of Aeneas, went to war with Latinus and the Trojans.

Victi sunt Rutuli, sed victores ducem Latinum amiserunt.

The Rutulians were conquered, but the victors lost the leader Latinus.

Inde Turnus auxilium petiit ab Etruscis, qui totam Italiam fama nominis sui impleverant; illi metuentes novam urbem multitudine opibusque crescentem laeti auxilium tulerunt.

From there, Turnus sought aid from the Etruscans, who had filled the whole of Italy with the story of their name; those ones fearing the new city and its growing size and wealth happily brought aid.

Aeneas in tanto discrimine, ut Aborigines Troianosque sub eodem iure atque nomine haveret, Latinos utramque gentem appellavit.

Aeneas was in such a crisis he called both nations Latins, so that he would hold the Aborigines and Trojans under the same law and name.

Cum adversus Etruscos se moenibus defendere posset, tamen in aciem copias eduxit.

Although he was able to defend himself against the Etruscans with walls, he nevertheless led out the troops in battle formation.

Etrusci victi sunt; victores tamen ducem antea amiserunt; post pugnam enim Aeneam reperire non potuerunt; multi igitur eum ad deos transisse crediderunt.

The Etruscans were conquered; nevertheless the victors lost their leader as before; for after the battle they were unable to find Aeneas; therefore many believed that he had gone over to the gods.

Lavinia inde regnavit, quoad Ascanius, Aeneae filius, adolevit.

Then Lavinia ruled until Ascanius, the son of Aeneas, matured.

Tum ille, propter abundantem Lavinii multitudinem, matri urbem reliquit; Ipse novam aliam urbem sub Albano monte condidit, quae Alba Longa appellata est.

Then he, on account of the overflowing population of Lavinium, left the city to his mother; he established another new city under the Alban mountain, which was named Alba Longa.

Multi reges post Ascanium imperium Albanum gesserunt.

Many kings after Ascanius held Alban rule.

Quidam ex his, cui nomen Proca erat, duos filios, Numitorem aque Amulium habuit.

A certain one from these, whose name was Proca, had two sons, Numitor and Amulius.

Numitori, qui maior erat regnum reliquit.

Numitor, who was older, left the kingdom.

Pulso tamen fratre, Amulius regnavit.

However, the brother having been beaten, Amulius ruled.

Filium fratris necavit; filiam Rheam Silviam per speciem honoris sacerdotem Vestae legit.

He killed his brother's son; he picked his daughter Rhea Silvia, through the appearance of honor, as the priestess of Vesta.

Ex hac filia nati sunt duo filii, Romulus et Remus.

From this daughter two sons were born, Romulus and Remus.

Pater eorum, ut fama est, Mars deus erat.

The father of them, as the rumor is, was the god Mars.

Sed nec dei nec homines matrem et pueros a crudelitate regia defenderunt.

But neither the gods nor men defended the mother and boys from the royal cruelty.

Sacerdos in custodiam data est; pueros rex in Tiberim inici iussit.

The priestess was put in prison; the king ordered the boys be thrown into the Tiber river.

Forte Tiberis abundaverat, neque ei qui pueros ferebant adire ad altam aquam poterant.

By chance, the Tiber had overflowed, and those who brought the boys were not able to approach the deep water.

Itaque pueros in alveo posuerunt atque in tenui aqua reliquerunt.

And so they placed the boys in a basket and left them behind in shallow water.

Sed alveus in sicco sedit.

But the basket sat on dry land.

Deinde lupa sitiens sic enim est traditum ex montibus qui circa sunt ad puerorum vagitum cursum flexit.

Then a thirsting she-wolf — for so it has been handed down — from the mountains which are around turned her path to the cry of the boys.

Faustulus, pastor regius, eam invenit pueros nutrientem.

Faustulus, the King's shepherd, found her nursing the boys.

Ab eo atque Larentia uxore pueri educati sunt.

The boys were brought up by him and his wife Larentia.

Cum primum adoleverunt, venari coeperunt et in latrones praeda onustos impetus facere pastoribusque praedam dividere.

When the boys first grew up, they began to hunt and make attacks against robbers laden with sheep and redistributed the sheep to the pastors.

Dum quidam ludi celebrantur, latrones irati ob praedam amissam impetum in Romulum et Remum fecereunt; captum Remum regi Amulio tradiderunt.

While certain games were being celebrated, the robbers, angry on account of the lost sheep, made an attack against Romulus and Remus; they handed over Remus to king Amulius.

Pueros praedam ex agris Numitoris egisse incusabant.

They complained the boys had driven the sheep out of the fields of Numitor.

Sic ad supplicum Numitori Remus deditur.

Thus Remus was handed over for punishment to Numitor.

Ab initio Faustulus crediderat pueros, iussu regis expositos, apud se educari.

From the beginning Faustulus had believed that the boys, who had been exposed by the order of the king, were being raised in his home.

Tum periculo Remi motus rem Romulo aperit.

Then, moved by the danger to Remus, he revealed the fact to Romulus.

Forte Numitor quoque audiverat fratres geminos esse; tum, comparans et aetatem eorum et nobilem animum Remi, nepotem agnovit.

By chance Numitor also heard that the brothers were twins; then, comparing both their age and the noble spirit of Remus, he recognized his grandsons.

Romulus cum manu pastorum in regem Amulium impetum facit; Remus alia parata manu adiuvat.

Romulus with a band of shepherds made an attack against the king Amulius; Remus having prepared another band helped.

Ita rex interfectus est.

Thus the King was killed.

Imperium Albanum Numitori avo ab iuvenibus restitutum est.

The Alban rule was restored to their grandfather Numitor by the young men.

Deinde Romulus et Remus in eis locis ubi expositi ubique educati erant urbem condere constituerunt.

Then Romulus and Remus decided to found a city in places where they had been exposed and where they had been brought up.

Uterque juvenis nomen novae urbi dare eamque regere cupiebat.

Each youth desired to give the new city his name and to rule it.

Sed quod gemini erant nec res aetate decerni potera, auguriis usi sunt.

But since they were twins, the matter was not able to be determined by age, so they used augurs.

A Remo prius visi sunt sex vultures. Romulo postea duodecim sese ostenderunt.

First six vultures were seen by Remus, afterwards twelve showed themselves to Romulus.

Uterque ab amicus rex appellatus est atque regnum postulabat.

Each brother was called king by his friends and demanded the kingdom.

Cum irati arma rapuissent, in pugna Remus cecidit.

When angrily they had grabbed weapons, Remus fell in battle.

Ex alia fama Remus illudens fratrem novos muros urbis transiluit, inde interfectus est ab irato Romulo, qui haec verba quoque addidit:

According to another story Remus, mocking his brother, jumped across the city's new walls; then he was killed by an angry Romulus, who added these words as well:

"Sic deinde pereat quicumque alias transiliet moenia mea."

"Thus then let him perish whoever else will leap over my walls."

Ita solus potitus est imperio Romulus; conditam urbem a suo nomine Romam appellavit.

Thus Romulus alone was granted power over the state; he called the founded city Rome after his own name.

Palatium primum, in quo ipse erat educates, munivit.

First he fortified the Palatine Hill, on which he himself had been brought up.

Vocata ad concilio multitudine, iura dedit.

With the crowd having been called, he gave them laws.

Insignia quoque imperii, sellam curulem togamque praetextam, et duodecim lictores sumpsit.

Also he took up signs of power, the curule chair and bordered toga, and twelve lictors.

Asylum averuit in monte Capitolino, quo multi ex finitimis populist profugerunt.

He opened a sanctuary on the Capitoline Hill, to where many fled from the neighboring peoples.

Creavit etiam centum senatores, qui honoris causa patres appellati sunt.

He even created one hundred senators, who for the sake of honor were called fathers.

Iam res Romana firma et finitimis civitatibus bello par erat.

Now the Roman state was firm and was equal to the neighboring states in war.

Sed Romani neque uxores neque cum finitimis ius conubii habebant.

But the Romans had neither wives nor the right of intermarriage with their neighbors.

Tum Romulus quosdam ex patribus legatos in vicinas gentes misit qui societatem conubiumque novo populo peterent.

Then Romulus sent representatives from the fathers to the neighboring nations to seek an alliance and the right of intermarriage with the new people.

Nusquam benigne legati auditi sunt; nam finitimi non solum Romanos spernebant, sed etiam tantam in medio crescentem urbem metuebant.

Nowhere were the ambassadors heard kindly; for not only the neighbors spurned the Romans, but they feared such a great city growing in their midst.

Itaque irati Romani vi uti statuerunt.

And so the angry Romans decided to use force.

Ad eam rem Romulus, ludis paratis, finitimos ad spectaculum invitavit.

For this matter Romulus, games having been prepared, invited the neighbors for a show.

Multi convenerunt ut ludos spectarent et novam urbem viderent.

Many people came to watch the games and to see the new city.

Sabinorum omnis multitudo cum liberis ac coniugibus venit.

The entire multitude of Sabines came along with their children and spouses.

Ubi spectaculi tempus venit omnesque intenti in ludos erant, tum, signo dato, Romani rapere virgines coeperunt.

When the time of the spectacle came and all were focused towards the games, then, with the signal being given, the Romans began to seize the young women.

Parentes virginum profugerunt clamantes Romanos hospitium violavisse.

The parents of the young women fled, yelling that the Romans had violated hospitality.

Nec raptae virgines aut spem de se meliorem aut indignationem minorem habebant.

Nor did the stolen unmarried women have either hope of themselves or less indignation.

Sed ipse Romulus circumibat ostendabatque id patrum virgum superbia factum esse.

But Romulus himself went around and showed that it had been done by the arrogance of the fathers of the young women.

"Quamquam vi captae estis," inquit, "omnia iura Romanorum habebitis."

"Although you have been taken by strength," he said, "You will have all the rights of the Romans."

Iam multo minus perturbati animi raptarum erant.

Now the spirits of the captured women were much less perturbed.

At parentes earum civitates finitimas, ad quas eius iniuriae pars pertinebat, ad arma concitabant.

But their parents aroused the neighboring states, to which part of this crime pertained, to arms.

Hae civitates omnes a Romulo victae sunt.

All of these states were defeated by Romulus.

Novissimum bellum ab Sabinis ortum est, quod multo maximum fuit.

The newest war arose from the Sabines, which was the greatest by much.

Sabini arcem Romanam in monte Capitolino dolo ceperunt.

The Sabines captured the Roman citadel on the Capitoline Hill by a trick.

Romani postero die arcem recipere conati sunt.

The Romans tried to retake the citadel on the next day.

Tum Sabinae mulieres ausae sunt se inter tela volantia inferre, ut pacem a patribus virisque implorarent.

Then the Sabine women dared to place themselves among the flying weapons, in order that they might beg for peace from their fathers and their husbands.

Duces ea re moti non modo pacem sed etiam civitatem unam ex duabus faciunt.

The leaders moved by this situation make not only peace but one state from two.