US History Exam - Short Answer

1917

in what year did the US enter the Great War?

reparations

what term means “money a defeated enemy pays for the cost of the war”?

November 11, 1918

on what exact date (month, date, year) did the Germans sign an armistice, ending WWI?

“War Guilt” Clause

what name was given to the clause in the peace treaty blaming Germany for the war?

doughboys

what was another name for the American soldier in the Great War?

no man’s land

what was another name for the area between opposing trenches during WWI?

propaganda

what term refers to information spread to advance a cause or damage an opponent’s cause?

unrestricted submarine warfare

what German policy claimed the right to attack in the war zone without warning?

international law

what did the Germans’ use of unrestricted submarine warfare violate?

Sussex Pledge

what restated Germany’s promise to follow international law?

Big Four

what was the term for the leaders who dominated the Paris Peace Conference?

Fourteen Points

what was Wilson’s plan for lasting peace called?

American Expeditionary Force

what was the official name for the US troops in Europe?

submarine (U-boat)

what deadly weapon did the Germans use to make US trade with the Allies very difficult?

December 7, 1941

according to Roosevelt, what date (month, day, year) would “live in infamy”?

the Soviet Union

what country did Germany invade in Operation Barbarossa?

Atlantic Charter

what agreement between Churchill and Roosevelt listed their “common principles”?

Normandy

in what section of northern France did the Allied Expeditionary Force land on D-day?

Clement Attlee

who became prime minister after Winston Churchill?

Battle of the Bulge

at what battle did the Nazis counterattack against the Allied invasion of Europe, almost stopping the advance into Germany?

atomic bomb

what secret weapon brought the Pacific war to an end?

Poland

what country did Germany invade, beginning WWII?

War Production Board (WPB)

what govenment organization controlled the conversion of American industry to military production?

Hiroshima

On what city was the first atomic bomb dropped?

four

to how many terms was Franklin D. Roosevelt elected president of the US?

Lend-Lease Act

what act empowered the president to supply any Allied nation on almost any terms he wished?

1939

in what year did WWII begin in Europe?

Nagasaki

on what city was the second atomic bomb dropped?

Interstate Highway System

what enduring transportation program did Eisenhower institute?

Berlin Wall

what did East Germany begin building in 1961 to prevent refugees from escaping to the West?

Inchon

where did General MacArthur launch an amphibious invasion behind North Korean lines?

Bay of Pigs invasion

What 1961 operation against Communist Cuba was a disaster?

Peace Corps

what government organization was formed to send skilled volunteers overseas to help underdeveloped nations?

Korea

what country was split in two by the 38th parallel?

hydrogen bomb

what weapon developed by the US in 1952 was far more powerful than the atomic bomb?

Nuremberg Trials

what was the name given to the trials of Nazi war criminals?

Dixiecrats

what nickname was given to the conservative southern Democrats who joined the States’ Rights Party in 1948?

Red Scarce

what was the name for a widespread fear of communism that occured after WWI and after WWII?

March on Washington

what was the large civil rights portest where Martin Luther King gave his “I have a Dream” speech?

Nikita Khrushchev

who was the leader of the Soviet Union during the Cuban missile crisis?

New Frontier

what name did president John F. Kennedy give his legislative program?

Cuban Missile Crisis

during what event did president Kennedy privately pledge to remove American missiles from Turkey?

Fair Deal

what did President Truman call his legislative goals?

Sputnik

what is the name of the first Russian satellite successfully launched into space?

Viet Cong

what were pro-Communist South Vietnamese called?

Kent State University

at what university were four students killed during a 1970 antiwar protest?

medicare

what government health insurance program was instituted in 1965 to help elderly people pay their medical expenses?

NASA

what organization did Congress establish to conduct the new American space program?

Vietnamization

what was Nixon’s policy of reducing American forces in Vietnam and increasing the role of the South Vietnamese called?

Tet Offensive

what 1968 North Vietnamese offensive was a military failure but a political success for Communist forces?

Pentagon Papers

what stolen documents, published in 1971, increased antiwar sentiment?

love

the counterculture offered a simplistic slogan for society’s problems': “All you need is…..”

My Lai

in what South Vietnamese village were hundreds of civillians killed becasue they were suspected or aiding the Viet Cong?

Paris

in what city did the North Vietnamese meet with the US for peace talks?