Orthopedic Conditions and Procedures Study Guide

Terminology regarding urgent orthopedic injuries, common musculoskeletal conditions, and congenital deformities as discussed in the lecture notes.

Laceration

A deep cut or tear of the tissue; considered an URGENT issue.

Fracture (FX)

A complete or partial break in the bone; considered an URGENT issue.

Dislocation

An injury where a joint is forced out of normal position that will need to be reset in place; considered an URGENT issue.

Sciatica

Nerve pain stemming from the back affecting the hips, buttocks, and legs.

Baker's cyst

A fluid filled cyst behind the knee.

Trigger finger

Stiffness or locking of fingers; can sound like Dequervains Tenosynovitis or Dupuytrens Contracture.

Ganglion cyst

A lump or fluid filled sac on the tendons or joints of hands and wrists.

Dupuytren's Contracture

Thickening of the tissue under the skin in the hand which can cause fingers to stay bent towards the palm.

Osteoarthritis

Inflammation of the joint.

Carpal Tunnel (Syndrome) aka CTS

Compression of a nerve in your arm causing numbness, tingling, or weakening of the hand and arm, usually diagnosed w/ EMG.

Plantar Fasciitis

Inflammation of tissues at the heel of the foot.

Bursitis

Inflammation of the bursa, a fluid filled sac that works as a cushion reducing the friction between tissues.

Scoliosis

Curvature of the spine; listed as a specialized back issue on provider policy.

Tendonitis

Inflamed tendon causing swelling and pain.

Dequervain's Tenosynovitis

Swelling of the thumb tendons caused by repetitive motions.

Bunion

A bony bump at the base of the big toe causing pain; also called hallux valgus.

Hammertoe

An abnormal bend in the middle joint of the toe.

Mallet toe

An abnormal bend that affects the joint near the toenail.

Ligament tear

Stretching of the fibrous tissue connecting the bones and joints causing a severe sprain; considered an URGENT issue.

Ruptured tendon

Injury to the soft tissue connecting the bones and muscles, where patients oftentimes hear or feel a pop; considered an URGENT issue.

Reduction

The process of putting a shoulder back in place.

Clubfoot (Talipes Equinovarus)

A congenital condition where the foot is twisted and out of its shape or position, like the foot is excessively bent upward with the toes touching the shin.

Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH)

A congenital condition where the hip joint does not develop properly, causing easy dislocation.

Metatarsus Adductus

A congenital deformity where the front half of the foot turns inward.

Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI)

Also known as brittle bone disease, resulting in bones that break easily.

Cerebral Palsy-Related Orthopedic Conditions

Issues arising from cerebral palsy such as hip dysplasia, scoliosis, and muscle contractures, which affect movement and posture.