hist 13c midterm terms

radical reconstruction (1867-1877)

context: after the civil war, reconstruction went through 3 phases, wartime, presidential and radical. the presidential phase was lenient, aiming to reunite the south with the union with minimal changes.

causes: because president johnson’s lenient approach allowed for Confederates to regain power and didn’t protect the right of newly freed men, radical republicans took firm hold of reconstruction in the south. republicans wanted to retain political power and create a new republican base in the south.

significance: aimed to prevent further oppression. interracial relationships became prevalent and black men began to take government positions. this created a legal basis for the 20th c. civil rights movement.

singer sewing machine

context: industrialization and u.s. globalization become prevalent.

causes: created to improve elias howe’s sewing machine. it became more functional to use at home.

significance: became one of the first american companies / products that advertised democratic values overseas w/out resorting to colonial european-style dominance

chinese exclusion act of 1882

context: the burlinggame treaty aimed to ease immigration restrictions. immigrants are feeling their own countries to escape poverty and oppression, searching for new opportunities.

causes: there was increasing sentiment that immigrant labor was taking away jobs from american citizens. views of immigrants as a threat to u.s. culture and prosperity became prevalent.

significance: u.s. transtions to a restrictive immigration system. the chinese become the first illegal immigrants, shifting identities and relationships.

the industrial corporation and the gilded age

context: industrialization takes off. people become wealthy and wealth gap increases between elites and the working class. monopolies are created and their is political corruption.

causes: technological innovation spurs industrialization, railroad expands, and pro-business policies are put in place.

significance: creates multinational corporations and labor inequality, which lead to progressive era reforms.

american anti-imperialist league

context: spanish-american war (1898). the u.s. strays from “non-entanglement” policy.

causes: group opposed u.s. annexation of the philippines and overseas expansion. believed it violated the consent of the “governed people” and damaged ideals of liberty, democracy, and self-government.

significance: challenged the government’s foreign policy.

triangle shirtwaist factory