Quiz 9 HLA Antigens and Hemoglobin Variants

Your acquired or adaptive immunity is created during your lifetime when:

your body confronts foreign tissue and pathogens

In which way do hemoglobin S, E, and C improve human fitness where this is malaria?

Diminishes oxygen-carrying capacity of the red blood cells.

Which of the following would NOT account for the very different HLA patterns in natives South, Central and North America?

Possible settlement of the west coast of South America by Polynesian migrants.

Which of the following increase HLA diversity?

Exogamy

What is an autoimmune disease?

When your antibodies attack your own tissue as though it was “not-self”.

Which of the following is NOT an autoimmune disease?

vitamin deficiencies

Pheromones are scents that humans process through our scent gland of which we’re consciously aware.

False.

Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax have developed resistance to chloroquine. This is a example of evolution.

True

Phagocytes are a type of white blood cell that

ingests foreign bodies, destroying their ability to multiply and cause infection

Your HLA antigens are coded for by over 200 genes on the short arm of chromosome 6.

True

Categories of disease associated with particular HLA haplotypes include all the following except for

osteoarthritis

Humans do not have pheremones.

False

T cells are a type of white blood cell that is produced in the _______ (as are all RBCs and WBCs) and undergo maturation in the thymus gland

bone marrow

A mutation that causes illness during a person's fertile years and yet appears to be fixed in the population probably has not been around for very long.

True

The speed with which alleles for hemoglobinopathies such as G6PD deficiency and sickle cell anemia became fixed is an indication that malaria was a very strong selective force.

True

The hemoglobinopathies confer resistance to malaria in heterozygotes.

True

Dengue fever is a bacterial-caused disease that is spread by rats and fleas.

False.

Malaria is caused by a virus.

False

In a balanced polymorphism, two alleles are maintained in stable equilibrium because the heterozygote is more fit than either of the homozygotes.

True

When an individual is a heterozygote for a given thalassemia mutation, severe anemia results which leads to death by adolescence.

False

G6PD deficiency is somewhat different from other genetic traits related to malaria (e.g., sickle cell anemia) in that it is an autosome linked trait.

False