AP Gov SCC and Foundational Docs

Articles of Confederation

1st constitution

No centralized government

Can't manage tax

Brutus #1

factions are good cuz cant represent everyone together

big gov bad

Constitution

3 branches

Federalism with centralized government

Bicameral

Declaration of Independence

No taxation without representation

Social contract (John Locke)

Grievances against king

Separation from britain

Fed #10

factions are bad

Fed #51

Checks and Balances/Separation of Powers

Bicameral

James Madison

Fed #70

Executive branch needs single leader

Energetic

Hamilton

Fed #78

Judicial Review

Life Tenure

Letter from Birmingham Jail

Peaceful Protests

Moral obligation to defy unjust laws

Criticize white moderate

MLK imprisoned in jail

Brown v. Board of Education

Overturned Plessy v. Ferguson (14th amendment)

ended separate but equal

ended school segregation

Citizens United v. FEC

Gov cannot limit company spending on political advertisements

created super PAC

Marbury v. Madison

Established judicial review

Engel v. Vitale

banned formal prayer in schools

Cannot be a official religion in gov

Gideon v. Wainwright

Right to an attorney

McCulloch v. Maryland

Implied powers under the Necessary and Proper Clause

states cant tax federal gov

Baker v. Carr

Districts must be proportional

1 man 1 vote

Fed court can rule on districting cases

McDonald v. Chicago

Right to bear arms extends to state property

New York Times v. United States

NYT published pentagon papers

non immediate national security doesn't justify stopping free speech

Shaw v. Reno

No racial gerrymandering

Schenck v. United States

Free speech limited when clear and present danger present

Tinker v. Des Moines

Students can protest and exercise free speech in school

US v. Lopez

limited commerce clause use

CC not justifiable for restricting guns in school zones

Wisconsin v. Yoder

Amish could abstain from school

Freedom of religion over state school wants