animalia and phylum porifera

uni or multi

multicellular

cells lacking

eukaryotic cells lacking photosynthetic pigments therefore heterotrophic

how to obtain nutrition

primarily by ingestion with digestion in an internal cavity

development of what system

development of sensory neuromotor systems called brain/nerves

movement by

motility by contractile fibres are muscles

reproduction how

reproduction primarily sexual by eggs/sperm

divisions

invertebrates and vertebrates

backbone

vertebrate

no backbone

invertebrate

levels of tissue

epithelia, muscle, connective, nerve

tissue

composed of cells that function together in a specialized activity

epithelia

lining, secrete, protection

muscle

3 kinds: smooth, cardiac, skeletal

connective

bone, cartilage, fat, plasma, blood

nerve

neurons, sensory

organs

composed of 2 or more which function together to perform a common task. the heart contains all 4 types of tissues

organ systems

consists of 2 or more which perform a specific task

some organ systems are

integumentary, nervous, sensory, endocrine, skeletal, muscular, circulatory, immune, digestive, respiratory, excretory, and reproductive systems

embryonic tissues/germ layers

ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm, give rise to all tissues, organs, and organ systems

ectoderm

epidermal, forms the outer layer of skin and nervous system

mesoderm

forms the muscles, connective tissues, skeleton, kidneys, circulatory, and reproductive organs

endoderm

forms lining of gut, respiratory tract, urinary bladder, and glands associated with gut and respiratory tract

phylum porifera

most primitive animals, non motile, aquatic, cellular organization

how does water move in and out

water flow in through incurrent pores and out the osculum

how does water flow into sponge

collar cell has a flagellum, producing a current for water flow

non living jelly

mesoglea, contains amoeboid like cells to engulf food and divide in sex cells

spicules

crystals of caco3 that provide support

crystals can be made from

a protein called spongin which provides flexibility

sponges are what trophic

heterotrophic

how does sponge obtain food

collar cells

collar cells

beat and draw water containing small animals and capture food with sticky substance on flagella and ingest by endocytosis

how does food pass from collar cells

via amoeboid/mesoglea

sponge reproduction

sexual or asexual

sexual sponge

amoeboid cells differentiate into eggs and sperm or they unite to form motile, flagellated larva which swims to a new area and settles to form a new individual

asexual sponge

spore formation or branching to form a new individual

habitat and ecological significance

mostly marine (some fresh water), deep coastal, needs clean water bc sensetive to pollution bc it clogs incurrent pores, bath sponge industry, generally not food for other animals

cephilization

brain, sensory development at head, anterior

acoelomate

no body cavity, without solid cells, flatworms

pseudocoelomate

false body cavity

coelomate

roundworms

protosome development

divides into 2 cells and blastopore becomes mouth, other end is anus

deuterosome development

divides into 2 cells, blastopore becomes anus, other end is mouth

platyhelminthes

flatworm, planarian

dorsal

back or upper side

ventral

front or lower side

posterior

back side

anterior

front side