AVS 3333 Exams

What is the genus species of all domestic cats?

Felis Catus

What is the genus species of all domestic dogs?

Canis Familiaris

True or False: Taming involves decreasing the fear of humans in an individual wild animal and is different from domestication.

True

What's the most likely factor that caused the spread of the domestic cat?

Cats spread to control the rodent population

True or False: The dog was originally domesticated by hunter gatherers taking wild wolves and taming them.

False

True or False: Dogs reserve their frenzy, greeting behavior for humans, while with wolves it would be for other members of the pack, not humans.

True

Which is the false statement regarding purebred dogs for being inbred for a breed standard?

a. Once the start book is closed, there would be inbreeding after several generations.

b. We do see the genetic variability can be detrimental to a group.

c. Leaves the sub genetic disorders being more common in a breed.

d. Once the set book is closed, a dog can still apply to be accepted into the breed

d. Once the set book is closed, a dog can still apply to be accepted into the breed

Which breed is an example of a spitz breed?

a. Boxer

b. Siberian Husky

c. Greyhound

d. Beagle

b. Siberian Husky

Which breed is an example of a sight hound?

a. Mastiff

b. Siberian Husky

c. Greyhound

d. Chow Chow

c. Greyhound

True or False: Terrier breeds had the original purpose to dig underground to hunt for ground dwelling quarry.

True

Which best describes in an Agouti color pattern?

a. There is darker coloring on the ears, feet, legs, and face

b. The tip of the hair is darker with a lighter band in the center

c. A short and kinky coat

d. This is not a color pattern

b. The tip of the hair is darker with a lighter band in the center

True or False: Most of the cats own today are pedigree purebred cats.

False

Which cat breed has a cobby body type?

a. Siamese

b. Abyssinian

c. American domestic short hair

d. Rex

c. American domestic short hair

Which color is affected by the temperature of the skin?

a. Agouti

b. cobble tabby

c. Pointed color

d. Rex

c. Pointed color (Siamese cats)

Which skull type does a greyhound has?

a. Mesaticephalic

b. Brachycephalic

c. Dolichocephalic

d. All dogs have the same skull type.

c. Dolichocephalic

What is the definition of neotenized or neoteny?

The presence of traits in adult animals that are typically seen only in young animals of that species.

At what age do puppies and kittens start to erupt their deciduous teeth?

a. 7 days

b. 21 days

c. 36 days

d. 6 weeks

b. 21 days

Which is a true statement regarding anatomy terms?

a. Head is caudal to the tail

b. Nose is rostral to the ear

c. Carpus is proximal to the elbow

d. Sternum is dorsal to the spine

b. Nose is rostral to the ear

Which digit is the dewclaw even if not present?

a. First digit

b. Second digit

c. Third digit

d. Fourth digit

a. First digit

True or False: Dogs and cats walk plantigrade.

False

Which is the two beat gait with a diagonal front and rear legs moving together?

a. Walk

b. Trot

c. Pace

d. Gallop

b. Trot

Which term describes an area which can be seen by both eyes at the same type?

a. Binocular vision

b. Peripheral vision

c. Field of vision

d. Blind spot

a. Binocular vision

True or False: Fur grows to a predetermined length and then stops, but hair will continue to grow.

True

Which is a false statement regarding sweat glands and dissipation of heat?

a. Dogs can't dissipate heat

b. Cats will groom themselves in the saliva deposit and the hair will help dissipate heat by evaporation.

c. The sweat glands on the dogs and cats are in their nose pads and their toe pads.

d. Dogs and cats have sweat glands over most of their skin to help them to dissipate heat by sweating.

d. Dogs and cats have sweat glands over most of their skin to help them to dissipate heat by sweating.

Which mucus membrane color will indicate a lack of oxygen in the blood?

Blue or cyanide (must be pink)

Which stage of estrus is after the anestrus?

Proestrus

The surge in which hormone induces ovulation?

Luteinizing Hormone (LH)

True or False: A female dog goes through the same hormonal changes and diestrus if she is pregnant or not pregnant, and it can even have memory development and low production when not pregnant.

True

Where does fertilization of the ova take place?

In the Oviduct

True or False: All neonates in the litter will have the same father. Two males cannot both inseminate the same female in the same estrus.

False

How many days of gestation does a fetus need to be to survive outside the uterus?

59 days

Which stage of labor is the fetus passed from the mother?

Stage Two - Delivery of Fetus

True or False: A pyometra can be treated adequately with just oral antibiotics.

False - Surgery needed.

True or False: If a dog is treated with an antibiotic for Brucellosis, it should still be spayed or neutered, and not red.

True

Which is a false statement regarding genes.

a. They exist in pairs.

b. Genes at the same site as a homologous chromosome will influence the same trait.

c. Physically, genes are not recognized for their end effect, which in an animal it's a phenotype

d. Each parent gives a set of genes, two of each, in each gammy and after fertilization, the genes are split by meiosis to get the normal number.

d. Each parent gives a set of genes, two of each, in each gammy and after fertilization, the genes are split by meiosis to get the normal number.

Which is the definition of a phenotype?

a. The genes and individual inherits from their parents

b. The external visible expression of a genotype

c. One of the possible alleles for a gen is capable of totally masking the expression of another allele and is homologous chromosome.

d. A gene that is carried on the sex chromosome.

b. The external visible expression of a genotype

True or False: A sex mate trait, which is recessive, such as hemophilia A will be seen clinically more in males than females as males only have one X chromosome.

True

Which is a phenotypic method of selecting breeding dogs and is based on an individual's merit physical tricks and working ability?

a. Pedigree

b. Performance testing

c. Progeny testing

d. Line breeding

b. Performance testing

Which is a false statement regarding the attachment with a pet?

a. Initially a young animal will form an attachment bond to their mother and then the others

b. A pleasurable experience together can make an attachment bond not form

c. The attachment bond can help give confidence to both the human and the pet when exploring a new area.

d. The higher degree a pet conforms to the humans perception of an ideal pet, the stronger the attachment will be.

b. A pleasurable experience together can make an attachment bond not form

True or False: Making an impulse decision to get a pet is the best way to get a pet.

False

Which period of the dog is from birth to day 14?

a. Neonatal period

b. Transitional period

c. Socialization period

d. Juvenile period

a. Neonatal period

What does it mean for a species to be altricial at birth?

a. Born able to walk

b. Born with ability to see and hear

c. Born immature in a helpless state

d. Born with deformity

c. Born immature in a helpless state

During what period does neonatal behaviors of a dog disappear and are replaced with puppyhood behaviors?

a. Neonatal period

b. Transitional period

c. Socialization period

d. Juvenile period

b. Transitional period

True or False: Once a puppy goes to a new home, if the puppy will not be living with other dogs, then it is not important for the puppy to socialize with other dogs.

False

Which is not a reflex a kitten will have at birth?

a. Rooting reflex

b. Suckle reflex

c. Scruff reflex

d. Air-righting reflex

d. Air-right reflex

What is the period referring to the age range during which young animal becomes capable of responding to certain types of stimuli, exposure to these stimuli, influencing long-term behaviors?

a. Neonatal period

b. Transitional period

c. Socialization period

d. Juvenile period

c. Socialization period

True or False: Abrupt removal of kittens from their mother can have negative consequences on the kittens health and behavior compared to kittens who are allowed slowly leave.

True

True or False: If the kitten is not taught predatory behavior from their mother, they will never develop any predatory behaviors.

False

True or False: A dog may be dominant in one situation, and submissive in another situation.

True

Which is the false statement regarding scent cues in dogs?

a. Once a dog leaves the environment the scent is no longer there.

b. It is thought that dogs rely on smell or visual cues to recognize other dogs as dogs.

c. Sniffing is a major component of the greeting behavior between dogs

d. Urine, feces, anal gland secretions, and individual body odors can all be used for scent communication.

a. Once a dog leaves the environment the scent is no longer there.

Which is an example of a dog overmarking with urine?

a. Lifting it's leg to get urine as high as possible

b. Urinating a small amount frequently to spread the scent over a large area

c. Backwards scratching the yard after urine marking

d. Where a dog is waiting for the first dog to urinate and then that dog will urinate over the first dog's urine

d. Where a dog is waiting for the first dog to urinate and then that dog will urinate over the first dog's urine

Which is a false statement regarding anal glands?

a. Each dog has two anal glands

b. The glands empty into ducts that have openings close to the anal orifice

c. The secretion has very little scent and it is difficult to smell and express

d. The secretions are highly individual in nature

c. The secretion has very little scent and it is difficult to smell and express

Which is not a body position of a dog showing dominance?

a. Standing on their toes

b. Piloerection over shoulder and back

c. Laying down on their side

d. Making direct eye contact

c. Laying down on their side

Which body position is seen as an invitation to play in a dog?

a. Rolling on their side

b. Play Bow

c. Standing tall with their tail high, wagging quickly

d. Crouching over, the tail low

b. Play Bow

Which type of aggression is being displayed when a dog is fearful when approached and growling low while attempting to move away.

a. Fear defense of aggression

b. Territorial protective aggression

c. Possession aggression

d. Redirected aggression

a. Fear defense of aggression

Which type of aggression is being displayed in a dog when a dog attacked aggressively towards someone in their entry, turns and bites the caretaker when the caretaker is pulling them away?

a. Fear defense of aggression

b. Territorial protective aggression

c. Possession aggression

d. Redirected aggression

d. Redirected aggression

Which is not used by cats for scent marking?

a. Urine

b. Feces

c. Specialized skin glands

d. Anal glands secretions

d. Anal glands secretions

True or False: Spray cat urine can become worse over time.

True

True or False: Spray cat urine is the same urine as elimination urine as cat urinates by squatting.

False

What describes when a cat rubs their head in an object to leave the scent?

a. Spraying

b. Bunting

c. Flehmen Response

d. Scratching

b. Bunting

Which is a false statement regarding scratching as a means of communication by a cat?

a. It's important to condition the cause of the front feet

b. Deposits scent from the interdigital glands

c. Commonly cats will use the same scratching site repeatedly

d. Means to define a territory to other cats who may come along

d. Means to define a territory to other cats who may come along

Which vocal sound is often made by a cat in greeting and the mouth remains close?

a. Trill/Chirrup

b. Meow

c. Hiss

d. Pain Shriek

a. Trill/Chirrup

If a cat is on the ground with its ears back and trying to appear as small as possible, which posture is the most likely to be represented by?

a. Offensive

b. Defensive

c. Submissive

d. Affiliate

c. Submissive

True or False: A well fed indoor only cat will no longer have the instinct to be a predator.

False

Which form of learning occurs in all young animals as they learn to distinguish between relevant and irrelevant stimuli and environment? (A pet will stop responding to a stimulus after repeated exposure.)

a. Classical conditioning

b. Habituation

c. Operate conditioning

d. Observational learning

b. Habituation

Which types of learning is paired to a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus for training, such as a clicker.

a. Habituation

b. Sensitization

c. Classical conditioning

d. Operate conditioning

c. Classical conditioning

True or False: With classical conditioning, the two stimuli must be predictable and consistent for the pets to associate between the two stimuli.

True

Which type of operate conditioning is being used when a behavior is done, the pet is given a pleasant or desirable stimulation such as treats or phrases to a dog remaining in a set position?

a. Sensitization

b. Positive Reinforcement

c. Negative Reinforcement

d. Positive Punishment

b. Positive Reinforcement

What type of operate conditioning is being used when a desirable stimulus is taken away when the behavior is stuck, such as spraying, when the dog moves out of the position?

a. Habituation

b. Classical conditioning

c. Negative Reinforcement

d. Negative Punishment

d. Negative Punishment

Which type of operate conditioning has the potential to cause a pet to have fear, stress, and anxiety because the damage to the pet/owner bond?

a. Positive Reinforcement

b. Negative Reinforcement

c. Negative Punishment

d. Sensitization

b. Negative Reinforcement

Which type of operate conditioning is being used when negative stimulus is giving to an unwanted behavior, such as placing a bitter apple on the trash can to avoid the dog from eating garbage?

a. Classical conditioning

b. Positive Reinforcement

c. Positive Punishment

d. Negative Punishment

c. Positive Punishment

When a puppy or kitten learns to use the cat/dog door to go outside by watching their mother or adult dog or cat using the door, which type of learning does this represent?

a. Habituation

b. Sensitization

c. Class conditioning

d. Observational learning

d. Observational learning

What information should you initially obtain to start to identify a behavioral problem?

a. A from

b. A veterinary exam

c. An interview with the owner

d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Which is the most common behavior problem in domestic cats?

a. Aggression

b. Elimination problems

c. Scratching

d. Vocalization

b. Elimination problems

If the cat is using the litter box for most eliminations, but they're still urine deposits in the house and urine analysis and CBC blood profile were normal, what is the most likely cause for the inappropriate urination?

a. Marking

b. Medical Disorder

c. Aversions to the location

d. Aversions to the litter

a. Marking

If a household has three cats, how many litter boxes would be recommended in the house to prevent elimination problems?

4 litter boxes

Which would not be a potential solution to attention-seeking behavior in a dog?

a. Mental stimulation

b. More time in their crates

c. More opportunities to play each day

d. Regular exercise and interactions with the owner.

b. More time in their crates

Which could cause a dog to chew inappropriate items out of sight of the owner and even lead to fear in the owners?

a. Having too many toys

b. Negative reprimands when the dog is found chewing inappropriate items

c. Redirecting a dog to chew an appropriate item

d. Keeping inappropriate items out of dog's reach

b. Negative reprimands when the dog is found chewing inappropriate items

True or False: In a dog's perspective, barking at someone who's at the door ca be the same as barking at the window when somebody is walking by.

True

True or False: An owner has to be motivated and capable to deal with a problem for it to be able to be treated adequately.

True

Which statement is false regarding a virus?

a. Treatment of a virus is through supportive care and vaccinations

b. A virus can survive independently and does not require a post self or replication

c. Once the virus is in its theceptical cell, it takes control of some of the cells bio chemical processes, which allow it to replicate and then affect other cells.

d. As the cells are destroyed, the damage tissue and post immune response to the infection results in signs of clinical disease

b. A virus can survive independently and does not require a post self or replication

True or False: It is very important to find the underlying cause of feline upper respiratory disease, and always perform testing to find the cause.

False

If you run a parvo test on a cat, which virus are you testing for since it is a parvovirus?

Panleukopenia virus

Which virus is an oncogenic RNA virus that can cause cancer?

a. Feline Immunodeficiency Virus

b. Feline Coronavirus

c. Panleukopenia virus

d. Feline Leukemia virus.

d. Feline Leukemia virus.

Which stage of the feline immunodeficiency virus is the latent stage in which a cat is an asymptomatic carrier?

Stage 2 - Latent Stage

Which statement is true regarding feline corona virus?

a. Blood testing for the virus, or antibody to the virus, cannot be determined if the cat has enteric coronavirus or the feline infectious peritonitis

b. In a closed population of cats, it's coming for 50% to be positive for feline corona virus

c. When the feline enteric coronavirus mutates to feline infectious peritonitis, it only causes mild disease and it is easily treated.

d. The feline enteric coronavirus will commonly mutate to FIP and is seen 80-90% of the cases of feline coronavirus.

a. Blood testing for the virus, or antibody to the virus, cannot be determined if the cat has enteric coronavirus or the feline infectious peritonitis

True or False: There is no antemortem test for rabies, the only test is on the brain of the deceased animal.

True

Which virus can start with diarrhea and/or respiratory signs and can progress to neurologic signs and is usually fatal if neurologic signs develop?

a. Canine Distemper virus

b. Canine influenza

c. Canine Corona virus

d. Canine Parvovirus

a. Canine Distemper virus

Which virus can cause dogs to develop a blue eye after they recover?

a. Canine Distemper virus

b. Canine influenza

c. Infectious canine Hepatitis

d. Canine Parvovirus

c. Infectious canine Hepatitis

True or False: It's always important to find the positive agent of Kennel Cough.

False

Which virus should not be considered as a rule out for a dog with diarrhea?

a. Canine Parvovirus

b. Canine Distemper Virus

c. Canine Corona virus

d. Canine Influenza virus

d. Canine Influenza virus

Which infection can potentially be spread to a human being as it is a zoonotic pathogen?

a. Canine Distemper Virus

b. Canine Influenza Virus

c. Infectious Canine Hepatitis

d. Leptospirosis

d. Leptospirosis

Which is a likely cause the newborn kitten had a delay in opening their eyes, which their eyes looked swollen?

a. Feline Infectious Anemia

b. Feline Leukemia Virus

c. Chlamydiosis

d. Toxoplasmosis

c. Chlamydiosis

True or False: Bordetella can only cause disease in the dog, and it is not seen in the cat.

False

Which organism is most likely to cause a cat to have an immune-mediated anemia?

a. Feline Infectious Anemia

b. Leptospirosis

c. Chlamydiosis

d. Toxoplasmosis

a. Feline Infectious Anemia

Which is the false statement regarding Abscess/Cellulitis in a cat?

a. Cat abscesses are usually secondary to a bite from another cat

b. A cellulite is treated with an antibiotic and surgery is not needed at this time.

c. Once an abscess develops, surgical correction is required along with an antibiotic.

d. Once an abscess opens and starts to drain, no other treatment is needed.

d. Once an abscess opens and starts to drain, no other treatment is needed.

Which fungal infection would not be expected to cause pneumonia?

a. Ringworm

b. Blastomycosis

c. Histoplasmosis

d. Coccidioidomycosis

a. Ringworm

Which is not a potential zoonotic pathogen?

a. Toxoplasmosis

b. Ringworm

c. Blastomycosis

d. Leptospirosis

c. Blastomycosis

Which species is the definitive host for toxoplasmosis?

Cats

True or False: The most common source of toxoplasmosis infection for a human is from undercooked pork or improper handling of the uncooked meat.

True