GU1: 4. Virtual Memory

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Last updated 8:58 PM on 5/19/26
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8 Terms

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Virtual Memory: What is virtual memory?
Using part of the hard drive/SSD as extra RAM.
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Virtual Memory: Why is virtual memory needed?
When RAM is full, it provides space for the extra data so that the system does not crash.
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Virtual Memory: What are pages?
Fixed-size blocks of memory. RAM and disk are both divided into pages/frames.
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Virtual Memory: What is paging?
A memory management technique used by operating systems to move pages between RAM and disk.
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Virtual Memory: What is swapping (paging out)?
When RAM is full, the OS moves inactive or less frequently used pages to the swap file on the hard drive to free up space for new data.
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Virtual Memory: What is a page fault?
When the CPU needs data that is not in RAM, so it must be loaded from the disk. The page is THEN loaded into RAM, possibly replacing another page.
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Virtual Memory: Why is virtual memory slow?
Disk access is much slower than RAM.
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Virtual Memory: What is thrashing?
Where the OS spends more time swapping pages than it does executing actual tasks.