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Last updated 8:07 AM on 12/20/22
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30 Terms
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Basis of mechanics:
Newtons 3 laws of motion + law of universal gravitation
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A push or pull on a body
Force
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Force causes:
1. Distortion in body
2. Change in body’s velocity
3. Both
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Force is a … quantity
Vector
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Units of Force:
Metric:
1. Newton (N)
2. Dyne
3. Metric ton (2000 N)
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English:
1. Pound (lb)
2. Ounce (oz)
3. Ton (2000 lb)
1. Newton (N)
2. Dyne
3. Metric ton (2000 N)
\
English:
1. Pound (lb)
2. Ounce (oz)
3. Ton (2000 lb)
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Force of gravity acting on a body
Weight (W)
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Direction of weight is … & weight depends on …
1. ALWAYS toward the earth’s center
2. Which planet you’re on
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Weight acts in which object:
1. Stationary
2. Moving vertically
3. Moving horizontally
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Force of resistance to relative motion between 2 bodies or substances in physical contact
Friction
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What exists between (tire & road) or (car & air)?
Friction
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Types of Friction:
1. Static
2. Kinetic
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Resistance when u try to start sledding an object
Static Friction - No relative motion between surfaces.
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Resistance while sliding an object
Kinetic Friction - relative motion
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Which is stronger Kinetic or static friction?
Static > Kinetic
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Object will remain at rest or in motion with constant velocity, unless acted on by a net external force
Newtons First Law of motion
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Force applied to the object from some other object
External Force
( Ex: force first impact, gravity, air resistance )
( Ex: force first impact, gravity, air resistance )
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Vector sun of ALL external Forces
Net force
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Net Force Cases:
A) push opposite ends w/same force
B) Push same direction
C) Push in different directions
A) push opposite ends w/same force
B) Push same direction
C) Push in different directions
A) Net force = 0 (cancel)
B) Net force is non-zero
C) Net force: “in-between” direction
B) Net force is non-zero
C) Net force: “in-between” direction
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Key concept of Newtonian mechanics
Force
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The agent for a change in motion
Force
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Newton’s 2nd law is important for …
Applying mechanics in the real world
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An object is accelerated when a net external force acts on it
Newton’s 2nd law of motion
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Net force formula
F = ma
• a=F/m
• a=F/m
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F & an are … relationship & both …
• Direct
• Vectors
• Vectors
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Direction if object’s acceleration & net force
Same
\
(Direction of a & F is the same)
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(Direction of a & F is the same)
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Units in Net force formula:
F: N
a: m/s^2
m: kg
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1N = 1 kg • m / s^2
a: m/s^2
m: kg
\
1N = 1 kg • m / s^2
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What keeps car on road?
Friction between the road and tires
• if road to slick, tires can’t grip, and you peel l-out
• if road to slick, tires can’t grip, and you peel l-out
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Which Law establishes the relationship between mass & weight
Newton’s 2nd law of motion
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Acceleration of object falling due to Earths gravity
g= 9.8m/s^2
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Force an object feels from Earth & formula
Weight (W=mg)