Grade 11 Biology Student Textbook Review

These flashcards cover critical concepts in Grade 11 Biology as presented in the student textbook, helping students prepare for their exams.

Textbook Care

Protect your textbook by covering it, keeping it in a dry place, and handling it gently.

Biotechnology

The application of biological systems to develop useful products, integrating natural and engineering sciences.

Mitosis

The process of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells from a single parent cell.

Meiosis

Cell division that produces gametes with half the number of chromosomes, leading to genetic diversity.

Homeostasis

The self-regulatory process by which biological systems maintain stable internal conditions despite external changes.

Exponential Growth

Population growth in an ideal environment without limits; shown as a J-shaped curve.

Logistic Growth

Population growth that levels off as it reaches carrying capacity, depicted as an S-shaped curve.

Gene Therapy

A technique that modifies genes to prevent or cure diseases, involving both somatic and germ-line therapies.

Co-dominance

A genetic scenario where both alleles in a heterozygote are fully expressed, resulting in offspring with distinct traits.

Phenotype

The observable characteristics or traits of an organism, influenced by genetic and environmental factors.

Genotype

The genetic constitution of an organism, represented by the alleles it possesses.

Natural Selection

The process where organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.

Population Density

The number of individuals of a species per unit area or volume.

Renewable Resources

Natural resources that can be replenished naturally over time, such as sunlight and water.

Non-renewable Resources

Resources that do not replenish at the rate they are consumed, like fossil fuels and minerals.

Sex-linked Traits

Traits that are associated with genes located on sex chromosomes, often exhibiting different inheritance patterns in males and females.

Genetic Counseling

A process that provides individuals with information about genetic disorders and the risk of passing them to offspring.

Pollination

The transfer of pollen from male anthers to female stigma in flowers, facilitated by insects or wind.

Symbiosis

The interaction between two different organisms living in close physical proximity, often benefiting one or both.

Biodiversity

The variety of life in an ecosystem, encompassing species diversity, genetic diversity, and ecosystem diversity.

Ecology

The study of interactions between organisms and their environment.

Population Growth Rate

The rate at which a population increases in size, calculated by birth rate minus death rate.

Trophic Levels

The hierarchical levels in an ecosystem, determined by the flow of energy and nutrients through feeding relationships.

Ethical Issues in Biology

Concerns relating to the morality of using biological knowledge and technologies, especially in genetic engineering and biotechnology.