AQA GCSE DT flashcards

Key terms that you need to know for AQA GCSE DT

a cooperative

a business owned and self managed by its workers
all shares are held by the workforce

Absorbency

A materials ability to soak up and retain liquid, heat or light

ACCESFM

Aesthetics, cost, customer, environment (social, environment and cultural factors), x, function, material

acrylic

hard, good optical quality

advantages and disadvantages of batch production

+ jigs, templates and moulds can be kept for future use
+specialist machinery isnt needed
- labour intensive
-takes time to make jigs, moulds, and templates

advantages and disadvantages of massproduction

+can make products quickly and cheaply
-expensive machinery
-only works for making a lot of products

advantages and disadvantages of oil

+waterproofing
+vegetable oil is non-toxic
-oily surface

advantages and disadvantages of one off production

+ no set up cost
+can be customised
-slow and expensive

advantages and disadvantages of painting

+lots of colours
-covers up natural wood grain

advantages and disadvantages of shellac

+used on expensive furniture for glossy lustre
-easily damaged by water/heat

advantages and disadvantages of staining

+ makes the wood darker to make it look like more expensive wood (like oak/mahogany)
-pine grain still shows (making it look cheaper)

advantages and disadvantages of varnishing

+hardwearing finish that shows grain
+high gloss, or matte finish
-can scratch/chip and expose the wood

advantages and disadvantages of veneering

+expensive wood can be put on cheaper wood
-still natural wood, so it still needs a finish

advantages and disadvantages of wax

+easy to apply
+plain/natural look
-rubs away
-can't be glossy

ash

tough flexible

automation

repetitive tasks on an assembly line carried out by machines or robots

balsa

lightweight

batteries

stores electrical energy
alkaline batteries
single use and secondary

Baulk cut

Trunk is cut into a square to rectangular section

beech

strong

beed proof

smooth and prevents bleeding

benefits of genetic engineering of timber

-makes trees resistant to diseases
-can make trees grow faster

biomass energy

renewable energy derived from burning organic materials such as wood and alcohol

CAD

Computer Aided Design
drawing, designing and modelling on screen if connected to a compatible machine

CAM

Computer Aided Manufacturing
it allows CAD designs to be made by machine
things can be designed at one factory and made somewhere really far away

capacitors

store electrical energy between two parallel plates

cartridge paper

good quality, white, slight texture

changing job roles

as tech develops the jobs either no longer exist or are changed
new tech can perform the tasks

CNC

Computer Numerical Control
machine tools which are controlled by a computer

coal power

Energy produced by burning coal
causes atmospheric pollution

coated metals

anodised aluminium, nickel-plates steels and polymer-coated aluminium

composites

a material made from two or more different materials to combine their properties
reinforced plastic
carbon fibre

conductive fabrics

fabrics that have conductive fibres woven into them

Corn starch polymers

developed to replace oil based thermoplastics
have a short life span
biodegradable

corrigated card

strong, lightweight

Cotton

Strong absorbent

Coversion (wood)

Turning wood into planks

crowdfunding

raising money for a project by obtaining many small amounts of money from many people
people may donate because they like the idea or think they may get use out of the product

culture

Beliefs, customs, and traditions of a specific group of people.
designers need to take into account not to offend a culture

Density

A materials mass per unit volume

Design for maintenance

designing a product so that it needs functions performing on it to keep it working

designing and its effect on the environment

designers need to understand the effect that their product will have on the environment

designing for society

designers need to meet the needs of everyone in society

Ductility

A materials ability to be drawn or pulled into a long length or wire without breaking

duplex board

thin, with onw side suitable for printing

Elastane

Very stretchy so cannot be used alone

Elasticity

A materials ability to stretch under force and return to its original shape

Electrical conductivity

How easily electrical energy can be passed through it

End of life disposal

materials are better recyclable

Enhancing materials

Can be enhanced to resist and work with forces and stresses to improve functionality

enterprise

a skill where organisations are prepared to show initiative and take risks to make things happen

epoxy resin

electrical insulator, good chemical wear and resistance

ethics during design

cutting costs during design by reducing jobs or making the product in a country where labour costs are lower

factories

making materials into products, usually consisting of assembly lines and are split into sections known as shops

fairtrade

A movement which aims to give all people a fair price for the goods they produce and safe working conditions and promotes sustainability

fashions and trends

keeping up with the latest technology
often affected by celebrities as part of a culture changing their fashion or tech

Features of plain weave fabrics?

Simplest, cheapest, strong

First order lever

fulcrum in the middle

Five forces that can act upon a material

Tension, compression, shear, torsion and bending

FMS

flexible manufacturing system
a system where production is organised into cells of machines performing different tasks

foam core board

two peices of board with a core of foam

foil-lined board

one side covered in aluminium foi

FSC

Forest Stewardship Council

Fusibility

How easily a materials state can be altered o become a liquid

Gore-Tex

a waterproof fabric that is able to breath by letting water vapor pass through it and is also waterproof. The fabric has a coating of Teflon

graphene

thin 2D material layer of carbon
strong lightweight

grid paper

printed with grids

Hardness

A measure of how easily a mineral can be scratched

hat is foiled lined board used for?

takeaway food

HDPE

hard and stiff

HIPS

tough, hard, rigid, lightweight

how can timber be sustained

some forests are sustainably managed; trees are replanted when others are cut down

hydroelectricity

electricity generated by the kinetic energy of moving water

industry

the way we manufacture

innovation

bringing new ideas to the market
developing things in a completely new or improved way

JIT manufacturing

Just-in-time manufacturing
a method where the materials are ordered to arrive at the assembly line when they are needed

kevlar

A strong synthetic material used in the construction of protective clothing and equipment

kinetic pumped storage system

similar to hydroelectric power
two levels of water which the water can be transferred through a turbine creating electricity

larch

tough easy to work

layout paper

thin, translucent

LDR

more light \= less resistance

lean manufacturing

focusing on giving customers value for money by reducing waste

liquid crystal display (LCD)

A flat-panel monitor that creates an image when liquid crystals become electronically charged.

mahogany

strong durable

Malleability

A materials ability to be permanently deformed or shaped by impact, rolling or pressing without breaking

market pull

where users want a product to be improved to redeveloped to meet their needs

mechanical energy storage

flywheel a spinning mass that continues to spin when the driving force stops
when spinning it stores rotational energy

metal foam

A metal containing gas-filled pores, giving it a very low density

MF

stiff, hard, good resistance to heat scratching and staning

micro encapsulation

Substances that are fixed to the fabric or the fibre and can then be activated, such as perfumes

microfibres

a very thin synthetic fibre

nanomaterials

have tiny parts
added to make materials stronger

natural gas power

used for heating and cooking

nuclear power

energy from splitting Uranium atoms (fission)
very hazardous

Nylon

Fine, lightweight and strong

oak

hard durable

oil power

does need to be precessed by refining from crude oil
powers ships and large vehicles

Paper stock sizes

A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6

PET

durable, lightweight, cheap

PF

hard, heat and chemical resistance, limited colours