good facts for american rev.

How many seaports did American-British colonies have by 1763?

5 seaports- Philadelphia, New York, Boston, Newport, and Charlestown

What was the population growth of the colonies between 1700 and 1763?

250,000 to 2 million

What was the avergae growth rate of the American economy between 1650-1740?

3%

What percentage of colonists farmed for a living?

90%

What percentage of the population were labourers and why?

20% (mostly new to the country) as land was so cheap most could afford to buy

How much higher was America's literacy rate compared to Britain by 1763?

15%

What was Boston's literacy rate for white men and white women in 1771?

men- almost 100% women- 88%

What perceantage of white men could vote in American 1763?

50-80%

When was Louisbourg seized by the British during the Seven Years' war?

July 1758

When was Quiberon Bay seized by the British during the Seven Years' war?

1759

When was Montreal seized by the British during the Seven Years' war?

1760

How many sailors and ships did Britain use to seize Quebec in 1759?

18,000 sailors and 100 ships

What did General Braddock say about Native Americans at the 1754 Albany Congress?

'No savage should inherit land'

What did Virginian Speculators get as a loan for the Ohio Company from the 1754 Albany Congress?

200,000 acres of land

What was the 'Plan of Union'?

Drawn up in the 1754 Albany Congress by Benjamin Franklin, it was a plan for an elected colonial government with control over native american affairs. Colonies ignored it.

When and how was General Braddock killed?

July 1755 French-American ambush

How many troops did William Pitt the ELder send in 1758?

25,000

Who did William Pitt the Elder pay to attack France during the Seven Years' War?

Frederick the Great of Prussia

What John Locke book was particularly influential on the later Revolution?

'Second Treatise of Government' (1689)

What did Samuel Adams do?

1765- in Loyal Nine attacking supporters of the Stamp Act. 1768- sent out Circular Letters. 1773- Planned and directed Boston Tea Party.

What did John Dickinson do?

1768- publishes Letters of a Pennsylvania Farmer

How many copies of Common Sense by Thomas Paine were sold?

Over 100,000

How many French Canadians needed to be governed after 1763 Treaty of Paris?

8000

Why was Prime Minister Grenville so concerned about the British economy in 1763?

Annual interest: 4.4 million. Annual income: 8 million

How much did the cost of colonial defences rise between 1748 and 1763?

70,000 to 350,000

What area did the 1763 Pontiac Rebellion destroy?

Every British post west of Niagara

How many Americans ignored the 1763 Porclamation Line and had moved West by 1768 (when breakdown acklnowledged)?

30,000

How much was an official found to be taking bribes fined under the 1764 Sugar Act?

500

Who was John Wilkes?

radical British MP, co editor of journal North Briton. Spoke out against King and Parliament in 1763 for corruption and was imprisoned. He fled to France. 1768 he returned to Britain and was sentenced to 22 years in prison. May 1768, 30,000 people protested outside of his jail for his freedom. He was elected to parliament 4 times whilst imprisoned.

How much did the South Carolina Assembly donate towards John Wilkes in 1769?

1500

How many colonies had written to Britain arguing the 1764 Sugar Act was an abuse of power by 1765?

9 colonies

What did James Otis publish in 1764 from the 1764 Sugar Act?

'The Rights of British Colonies Asserted and Approved'

How much was the 1765 Stamp Act expected to make and what percentage of colonial defence was this?

60,000 which was 25% of colonial defence expenses

When were the Virginia Resolved by Patrick Henry?

May 1765

What newspaper posted an extra anonymous resolve claiming anyone asserting the right to tax the colonies was an enemy of his majesty's colony?

The Newport Mercury from Rhode Island

How many colonies had passed their own resolutions, following Patrick Henry, by the end of 1765?

8 colonies (other than Virginia)

When was the Stamp Act Congress?

October 1765

How many people were at the Stamp Act Congress June 1765?

29 delegates from 9 colonies

When were effigies of Andrew Oliver (Stamp Distrobutor) and ex-PM Bute (blamed for 1765 Stamp Act) burned in Boston?

August 1765

What percentage of the total American population were townspeople?

5%

What did some Sons of Liberty backed newspapers wear during 1765 Stamp Act?

'Badge of Slavery'

When did New York merhcants pledge a boycott against British goods until Stamp Act repeal?

October 1765

When was the Stamp Act repealed?

March 1766

What bill did Prime Minister Rockingham have for the American army in 1767, inspiring him to install the Townshend Duties?

400,000

How much were the Townshend Duties expected to raise?

40,000

What did the Townshend Duties do to New York?

1767 New York Restraining Act which prohibited NY Assembly from taking legislative action until they complied with 1765 Quartering Act

How many colonies approved the 1768 Massachusetts Circular Letters by James Otis and Samuel Adams?

7 (Virginia wrote their own)

How many colonies had a boycott against British goods to protect the 1767 Townshend Duties by 1769?

All but New Hampshire

What were the Committees of Inspection?

Unofficial bodies to enforce the boycotts- if merchants disobeyed they were tarred and feathered.

What heightened tensions in Boston in 1768 due to a bad judgement from newly installed State of Colonial and American matters?

Sent 600 troops in late September after demanding the colony rescind the Circular Letters on penalty of dissolution

When was the American Board of Customs established?

1767

What happened to the Liberty boat in 1768?

John Hancock's Liberty boat was seized by sailors on HMS Romney. Sons of Liberty retaliated and officials had to run from Boston. SoL controlled the city by summer.

When were the Townshend Duties repealed?

March 1770

How many attendees were at the funeral of an 11 year old boy killed by a British customs officer in Bsoton on 22 February 1770?

5000

How many were killed on the 5 March 1770 Boston Massacre?

5 killed

How many soldiers were acquitted from punishment for Boston Massacre after defence from John Adams?

6 acquitted, 2 released with thumb branding

When were the Committees of Correspondance established by Samuel Adams?

1771

How many towns in Massachusetts had Committees of Correspondance by mid-1773?

50

How many colonies had own Committees of Correspondance by February 1774?

All by Pennsylvania and North Carolina

How many chests of tea did the Sons of Liberty throw into the Boston Habrour on 16 December 1773?

342 chests worth 10,000 pounds

How many women promised to boycott tea at the October 1774 Edenton Tea Party?

51

What were the 5 acts within the 1774 Coercive Acts?

1. Boston Port Act (closed Boston port until debt repaid)

2. Massachusetts Government Act (had to ask for permission to meet)

3. Impartial Administration of Justice Act (murder trials transferred to Britain)

4. New Quartering Act (Military commanders more authority when housing troops)

What 2 aspects of the June 1774 Quebec Act alarmed colonists?

French Canada under control of Royal Governor with limited trial by jury and atholic Church allowed to remain

When was the New York Tea Party?

March 1774 throwing tea from HMS Nancy

How many burgesses met in a tavern on 29 May 1774 and why?

89/103 as Royal Governor dissolved assembly 2 days earlier

How many colonial newspapers existed by 1775?

42, and 39 were radical in emphasis

When did Thomas Jefferson publish 'A Summary View of the Rights of British America'?

1774

How many essays did John Adams write for the Boston Gazette between 1774 and 1775?

12

How many Delegates were at the First Contonetal Congress in 1774?

56 delegates from all states except Georgia

What did the September 1774 Suffolk Resolves declare about the Coercive Acts?

Declared them null and void and called on Massachusetts to arm

How many colonists either served in the Committees of Safety (established 1774 to enforce boycott) or in extra legal conventions by 1775?

7000 colonists

How many troops did General Gage (governor of Massachusetts) ask parliament for in late 1774?

20,000 but only recieved 4000

Which politicians advocated for the repeal of the Coercive Acts in British Parliament?

Burke and Chatham

When did PM Dartmouth tell Gage to move against rebellion and arrest 'the principal actors and abettors'?

March 1775

When was the First Continential Congress?

Sep- Nov 1774

When was the Second Continental Congress?

May 1775

How many delegates were at the Second Continental Congress?

65 from all colonies

How many men did each state have to raise for the Continental Army?

20,000 men

When was the Flight of the Governors?

June 1775

When was the Olive Branch Petition sent to the King (who rejected it)?

8 July 1775

When was Lexington and Concord?

April 1775

How many American deaths vs. British deaths were there?

92 to 270

How many North East militia seized Boston after Lexington and Concord (April 1775)?

20,000

When did Benedict Arnold and Ethan Allen seize Ft. Ticonderoga?

10 May 1775

How many soldiers did Washington have when he first took command?

15,000 soldiers, less than 50 cannons, few gunmen

When was the Battle of Bunker Hill?

17 June 1775

In May 1775, General Howe, Clinton, and Burgoyne arrived in Boston, raising Gage's men to how many?

6500

What were the colonist vs. British deaths after June 1775 Battle of Bunker Hill?

450 to over 1000

When did King George III sign a Proclamation of Rebellion for America?

23 August 1775

What happened during the winter 1775 Invasion of Canada?

13 November Montgomery decides to capture Montreal. Meets Arnold in Quebec in December. Colonist have 700 weak men, British have 1800.

What did Lord Dunmore declare about slaves in November 1775?

All slaves fighting for British would be freed

What was the March 1776 Evacuation of Boston?

4 March- 17,000 rebels captured Dorchester Heights. 17 March- Howe's army (over 1000) sailed to Halifax, Nova Soctia

Which colony was the first to suggest independence should be adopted in May 1776?

Virginia

Which colonies instructed delegates to not agree with separation from Britain?

5- Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, New York, and New Jersey

Which colonies opposed independence on the debate on 1 July 1776?

South Carolina an dPennsylvania against, Delaware split, and New York abstained.

How many troops did Britain have ready whilst America declaring independence?

32,000 troops

What was the British army like in 1776?

50,000 strong army and hired 18,000 Hessian soldiers (although real strength more like 36,000)

How many American spent time in militias in 1776?

Over 100,000

What were the numbers in the Continental army like?

Never exceeded 20,000- usually around 5000

When did Britain put Navy on war footing?

October 1776 after France starts increasing Navy. Had been left to rot since 1763.