Chem Keywords

Reactant

A substance that takes part in a chemical reaction.

Product

A substance formed as a result of a chemical reaction.

Chemical Reaction

A process that involves the transformation of one set of chemical substances to another.

Redox

A type of chemical reaction that involves the transfer of electrons between reactants.

Oxidation

The loss of electrons by a substance during a chemical reaction.

Reduction

The gain of electrons by a substance during a chemical reaction.

Electrolysis

The process of using electricity to drive a non-spontaneous chemical reaction.

Electricity

A form of energy resulting from the movement of charged particles.

Ion

An atom or molecule that has gained or lost electrons, acquiring an electrical charge.

Cation

A positively charged ion.

Anion

A negatively charged ion.

Electroplating

The process of coating an object with a thin layer of metal using electrolysis.

Faraday's Constant

The amount of electric charge carried by one mole of electrons.

Electrode

A conductor through which electricity enters or leaves an electrolytic cell.

Anode

The electrode where oxidation occurs during an electrolytic process.

Cathode

The electrode where reduction occurs during an electrolytic process.

Activation Energy

The minimum amount of energy required to start a chemical reaction.

Catalyst

A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed.

Enzyme

A biological catalyst that speeds up chemical reactions in living organisms.

Exothermic Reaction

A chemical reaction that releases heat to its surroundings.

Endothermic Reaction

A chemical reaction that absorbs heat from its surroundings.

Mole

A unit of measurement used in chemistry to express amounts of a substance.

Avogadro’s Number

The number of particles in one mole of a substance (6.022 x 10^23).

Molar Mass

The mass of one mole of a substance in grams.

Molar Volume (Gas)

The volume occupied by one mole of a gas at a specific temperature and pressure.

Concentration

The amount of solute present in a given quantity of solvent or solution.

Molarity

The concentration of a solution expressed as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution.

Empirical Formula

A formula that shows the simplest whole-number ratio of elements in a compound.

Molecular Formula

A formula that shows the actual number of each type of atom in a molecule.

Homologous Series

A series of organic compounds with the same functional group and similar chemical properties.

Alkanes

Saturated hydrocarbons with single bonds between carbon atoms.

Alkenes

Unsaturated hydrocarbons with at least one carbon-carbon double bond.

Alkynes

Unsaturated hydrocarbons with at least one carbon-carbon triple bond.

Alcohols

Organic compounds containing a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to a carbon atom.

Carboxylic Acids

Organic compounds containing a carboxyl group (-COOH).

Saturated

A term used to describe organic compounds that contain only single bonds between carbon atoms.

Unsaturated

A term used to describe organic compounds that contain double or triple bonds between carbon atoms.

Isomer

Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements.

General Formula

A formula that represents the simplest algebraic form of a member of a homologous series.

allele

different forms of a specific gene that can be inherited from each parent