passive transport

Types of passive transport - Diffusion

Is the random movement of particles form an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until equilibrium is reached

Eg. Tea, deodorant

Cellular examples: oxygen, carbon dioxide

Equilibrium = molecules are evenly spaced

Molecules will still move around but stay spread out

Rate of diffusion factors

• The difference in concentration between the two area. This is known as the concentration gradient

• Size - smaller particles diffuse faster

• Temperature-particles diffuse faster at high temperatures than they do at low

• State- gas particles diffuse more quickly than liquid ones

facilitated Diffusion ( always in a cell)

Diffusion of specific particles through transport/channel proteins found in the cell membrane

A) Transport Proteins are specific - they “select” only certain molecules to cross the membrane

B) Transports larger or charged molecules e.g NaCl

Types of passive transport - Osmosis(always in/out of a cell-water movement)

Diffusion of water through a semi-premeable membrane from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration

Water is able to move freely through the pores in the semi permeable cell membrane

Types of solution - Hypotonic ( -swoll-absorb)(fat and burst)

The solution has a lower concentration of solutes and a high concentration of water molecules than inside the cell

This results in water moving from the solution to inside the cell…

The animal cell swells and bursts open (cytolysis)

Types of solution - Hypertonic -aren't getting enough warer/liquid (shrivel up)

The solution has a higher concentration of solutes and a lower concentration of water molecules than inside the cell

This results in water moving from inside the cell into the solution…

Cell shrinks (plasmolysis)

Types of solution - Istonic -stays the same (move ar an equal rate)

The concentration of solutes in the solution is equal to the concentration of solutes inside the cell.

This results in water moving equally in both directions and the cell remains the same size! (Dynamic Equilibrium)