#studying for a test that's literally tomorrow

because i legit need to study or else I'm going to have a c in the class

Alliances

an agreement between two or more countries to support each other during war

web of treaties to protect themselves

preserve balance of power

Militarism

leaders came up with complex plans to mobilize troops and their supplies

Triple Alliance

Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy

Triple Entente

France, Russia, Great Britain

Imperialism

when a country extends its power into other territories for economic or political gain

acquire resources, often through exploitation and force

want control

Nationalism

great pride to one’s country to the point where you want to see them succeed and will do anything

Allied Powers

Britain, France, Russia (all previously enemies)

Italy, Romania, Greece join later

Central Powers

Germany, Austria-Hungary, Turkey, Bulgaria, Ottoman Empire

Initially Italy, but they switch sides

Neutral Nations

Switzerland, Belgium,

President During WWI

Woodrow Wilson

Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand

truly began the world war

shot with his wife by Gavrilo Princip in 1914

By who and when was war declared?

Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia on July 28th

Russian Response

Czar Nicholas II declares full mobilization (full active duty)

ignoring Germany telling them to stop the mobilization

Schlieffen Plan (germany)

two front war with France (rapid invasion) and Russia (small force)

Assumptions by Germany

6 weeks for France and Russia

Belgium would not resist

Britain would stay neutral

Reality for Germany

Belgian army was helped by the Brits

Russia mobilized in 10 days

Germans forced to reallocate troops to Russian fronts

By August 4th…

…all great powers of Europe are at war

Propaganda

ideas spread to influence public opinion for/against a cause

Government officials believed…

…the war would be over in weeks or before Christmas

Western Front

Germany v.s. France/Britain

Turns into a stalemate

Zimmerman Telegram

germans asking mexico to be allies or order to get new mexico/texas/other states back

Trench Warfare

sides dug trenches for shelter

barbed wire for protection

trenches from English Channel to Switzerland

between trenches is called no man’s land

Eastern Front

marked by mobility

Italians switch sides (to allied powers)

2.5 million Russians killed

Technology in Trenches

Artillery

Machine Guns

Charging (throwing grenades into trenches then charging)

Red Baron

credited with over 80 victories

airplanes on the battle field using machine guns

Weapons

Rifles

Machine Guns

Gas

Tanks

Isolationism

stay out of other country’s business to stay safe

Germany’s Unrestricted Submarine Warfare

sunk the Lusitania

Britain was trying to set up a blockade from Germany

Russia withdraws from the war…

…in 1917

Armistice

an agreement to stop fighting/truce

11th hour/11th day/11th month

all fighting stopped!

called armistice day, now veterans day to honor those who fought

Wilson’s 14 Points were to

restore the post-world war to be livable and safe

Treaty of Versailles

Germany responsible for the war

Germany must pay for all damages done

reductions of the military

disarming all of Germany

Result of the War

austria-hungary is gone

germany/russia lost a lot of land

difficult to draw ethinic lines

map redrawn completely

How Women’s Lives Changed

more appreciated

more rights

men saw that they could do the jobs that men could

lived longer, healthier lives

Conclusion

it was supposed to be the war to end all wars (it wasn’t)

10 million people+ died

Red Poppies symbolize hope, peace, and those who have fallen