Studied by 7 people
because i legit need to study or else I'm going to have a c in the class
Alliances
an agreement between two or more countries to support each other during war
web of treaties to protect themselves
preserve balance of power
Militarism
leaders came up with complex plans to mobilize troops and their supplies
Triple Alliance
Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy
Triple Entente
France, Russia, Great Britain
Imperialism
when a country extends its power into other territories for economic or political gain
acquire resources, often through exploitation and force
want control
Nationalism
great pride to one’s country to the point where you want to see them succeed and will do anything
Allied Powers
Britain, France, Russia (all previously enemies)
Italy, Romania, Greece join later
Central Powers
Germany, Austria-Hungary, Turkey, Bulgaria, Ottoman Empire
Initially Italy, but they switch sides
Neutral Nations
Switzerland, Belgium,
President During WWI
Woodrow Wilson
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
truly began the world war
shot with his wife by Gavrilo Princip in 1914
By who and when was war declared?
Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia on July 28th
Russian Response
Czar Nicholas II declares full mobilization (full active duty)
ignoring Germany telling them to stop the mobilization
Schlieffen Plan (germany)
two front war with France (rapid invasion) and Russia (small force)
Assumptions by Germany
6 weeks for France and Russia
Belgium would not resist
Britain would stay neutral
Reality for Germany
Belgian army was helped by the Brits
Russia mobilized in 10 days
Germans forced to reallocate troops to Russian fronts
By August 4th…
…all great powers of Europe are at war
Propaganda
ideas spread to influence public opinion for/against a cause
Government officials believed…
…the war would be over in weeks or before Christmas
Western Front
Germany v.s. France/Britain
Turns into a stalemate
Zimmerman Telegram
germans asking mexico to be allies or order to get new mexico/texas/other states back
Trench Warfare
sides dug trenches for shelter
barbed wire for protection
trenches from English Channel to Switzerland
between trenches is called no man’s land
Eastern Front
marked by mobility
Italians switch sides (to allied powers)
2.5 million Russians killed
Technology in Trenches
Artillery
Machine Guns
Charging (throwing grenades into trenches then charging)
Red Baron
credited with over 80 victories
airplanes on the battle field using machine guns
Weapons
Rifles
Machine Guns
Gas
Tanks
Isolationism
stay out of other country’s business to stay safe
Germany’s Unrestricted Submarine Warfare
sunk the Lusitania
Britain was trying to set up a blockade from Germany
Russia withdraws from the war…
…in 1917
Armistice
an agreement to stop fighting/truce
11th hour/11th day/11th month
all fighting stopped!
called armistice day, now veterans day to honor those who fought
Wilson’s 14 Points were to
restore the post-world war to be livable and safe
Treaty of Versailles
Germany responsible for the war
Germany must pay for all damages done
reductions of the military
disarming all of Germany
Result of the War
austria-hungary is gone
germany/russia lost a lot of land
difficult to draw ethinic lines
map redrawn completely
How Women’s Lives Changed
more appreciated
more rights
men saw that they could do the jobs that men could
lived longer, healthier lives
Conclusion
it was supposed to be the war to end all wars (it wasn’t)
10 million people+ died
Red Poppies symbolize hope, peace, and those who have fallen
Note
Flashcard