Basal Ganglia general information

what is the function of the basal ganglia?

- responsible for voluntary movements

- regulation of autonomic movement, posture, muscle tone, and control of motor responses

what diseases are associated with the basal ganglia? (6)

- parkinsons

- huntingtons

- tourettes

- ADD

- OCD

- addictions

T/F: basal ganglia decides if a movement should happen or not?

true

what is a direct basal ganglia pathway?

- when activated, movement occurs

what is an indirect basal ganglia pathway?

- when activated, movement is prevented (allows us to stay still at rest)

- overactivated with parkinsons

what neurotransmitter is associated with the basal ganglia?

dopamine

what does dopamine do?

- helps initiate movement

- activates direct pathways

- affects mood, motivation, cognition

is the basal ganglia a pyramidal or extrapyramidal system?

- extrapyramidal

- no direct connections to LMN

types of hyperkinesia seen with BG disorders? (7)

- ataxia

- athetosis

- chorea

- tics

- tremors

- dysmetria

- dystonia

types of hypokinesia seen with BG disorders? (3)

- apraxia

- rigidity

- bradykinesia