Population (Unit 4)

Migration

is the movement of people from one area to another.

Migrant

a person who moves from one place to another, especially in order to find work or better living conditions.

Immigrant

a person who comes to live permanently in a foreign country.

Emigrant

a person who leaves their own country in order to settle permanently in another.

Population

total number of people

Population Distribution

general pattern of where people live

Population Density

total number of people per square km of land

Birth rate

The number of live births per 1,000 people in a population per year.

Death rate

The number of deaths per 1,000 people in a population per year.

Natural increase rate

The rate at which a population grows directly from births and deaths (Birth Rate minus Death Rate).

Net Migration Rate

The difference between the number of immigrants entering a country and the number of emigrants leaving per 1,000 people.

Doubling time

The amount of time it takes for a given population to double in size at its current growth rate.

Refugee

An individual who fled their country due to war, persecution, or natural disaster.

Push factors

Factors that drive people to leave their current location or country.

Pull factors

Factors that attract people to move to a new location or country.

Immigration rate

The number of immigrants arriving in a country per 1,000 people in a population per year.

Emigration rate

The number of emigrants leaving a country per 1,000 people in a population per year.

population growth rate

The percentage change in a population over a specific time period, combining natural increase and net migration.

population pyramid

A graph that shows the distribution of various age groups in a population, typically forming the shape of a pyramid when the population is growing.

Human Development Index (HDI)

Statistics composed of life expectancy, education, and per capita income. Used to rank countries into tiers of human development.

sustainable development

Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

Working Age

The age range where people are typically active in the workforce, usually considered between 15 and 64 years old.

Dependency Load

The part of the population that is not of working age (typically under 15 and over 64) and relies on the working-age population for support.

Life expectancy

The average number of years a person is expected to live, based on current mortality rates.

Stakeholder

A person, group, or organization that has an interest or concern in a community, project, or policy decision.

developed/industrialized country

A country with a highly developed economy, advanced technological infrastructure, and a high Human Development Index (HDI) score.

developing/industrialising country

A country with a less developed industrial base and a lower Human Development Index (HDI) relative to other countries, but is in the process of growing.