Path Final: Review Charts part 2

What is peripheral giant cell granuloma? (+ common location, population)

• blue-red mass

• can be ulcerated

• cups bone

• granulation tissue + giant cells + RBCs

• common location: anterior gingiva

• population: adults 40-60

What is mucoepidermoid carcinoma? (+ common location)

MOST COMMON MALIGNANT SALIVARY GLAND TUMOR

• bluish-red asymptomatic swelling; firm or soft

• common location: palate

What is Kaposi Sarcoma? (+ associated with, common locations)

multiple reddish-purple, irregular nodules or papules

• skin lesions

• associated with HIV

• common locations: palate, gingiva

What are papillary lesions?

• Papilloma

• Verruca vulgaris (common wart)

• Condyloma acuminatum (venereal wart)

• Heck disease

• Verrucous carcinoma

• Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia

**ALL Can present as white (or pink)

What is a papilloma? (+ common locations, associated with)

soft, single, wart-like on stalk

• pink or white

• associated with HPV

• common locations: lips, tongue, palate

What is Verruca vulgaris? (+ common locations, associated with, population)

AKA Common Wart

• soft, single, papillary, sessile

• pink or white

• associated with HPV

• common locations: lips, tongue, palate

• population: children/young adults

What is condyloma acuminatum? (+ common locations, associated with, population)

AKA venereal wart

• multiple, soft, papillary, sessile

• pink or white

• associated with HPV

• common locations: lips, palate

• population: adults

What is Heck Disease? (+ common location, population, associated with)

AKA Multifocal Epithelial Hyperplasia

• multiple, soft, flattened nodules

• pink or white

• associated with HPV

• common location: mucosa

• population: Children (seen in Indians)

What are pink lesions (mucosal lumps)?

• Traumatic fibroma (irritation fibroma)

• Neurofibroma

• Neurilemoma (Schwannoma)

• Traumatic neuroma (neuroma)

• Peripheral ossifying fibroma

• Epulis fissuratum (inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia)

• Sialolith

• Acute/chronic sialadenitis

• Pyogenic granuloma (pregnancy tumor)

• Nasolabial cyst

• Dermoid cyst

• Pleomorphic adenoma (benign mixed tumor)

• Adenoid cystic carcinoma

• Non-hodgkin lymphoma

What is a traumatic fibroma? (+ associated with)

AKA irritation fibroma; MOST COMMON GROWTH!!!

• well-defined, small, painless nodule

• can be ulcerated

• pink or whitish

• associated with trauma

What is a neurofibroma? (+ common locations, associated with)

MOST COMMON NERVE TUMOR!!!

• soft, painless, well-defined nodule

• associated with neurofibromatosis

• common locations: tongue, buccal mucosa

What is a neurilemoma? (+ other name, common location)

AKA Schwannoma

• soft, painless, well-defined nodule

• less than 3cm

• common location: tongue

What is a traumatic neuroma? (+ associated with, common location, population)

PAINFUL

• associated with trauma (injections)

• common location: mental foramen area

• associated with MEN

What is Peripheral Ossifying Fibroma? (+ common location, population)

PDL-like cells + calcifications

• well-defined swelling

• may be ulcerated

• common location: anterior gingiva

• population: females, children/young adults

What is epulis fissuratum? (+ associated with, common location, other name)

AKA Inflammatory Fibrous Hyperplasia

• elongated folds of firm tissue with central crater

• may be ulcerated

• associated with CD (denture)

• common location: vestibule

What is a sialolith? (+ common location)

rock-like swelling

• seen on X-ray

• common location: floor of mouth

• increased swelling when eating

What is acute/chronic sialadenitis?

PAINFUL swelling of major/minor salivary gland

What is a pyogenic granuloma? (+ common location, population)

Soft painless nodule

• pink or red

• granulation tissue

• can be ulcerated

• common location: gingiva (75%)

• population: young adults/teens

• EX: pregnancy tumor

What is a nasolabial cyst? (+ common location, population)

soft swelling in vestibule

• lateral to midline; Maxillary canine area

• population: middle-aged females

What is a dermoid cyst? (+ common location, population)

dough-like swelling at midline

• keratin filled

• cyst wall: hair follicles, sebaceous/sweat glands

• common location: anterior floor of mouth

• population: children

What is a pleomorphic adenoma? (+ other name, common locations, population)

MOST COMMON BENIGN SALIVARY GLAND TUMOR

• AKA: benign mixed tumor

• painless, firm swelling

• moveable (not if on palate)

• common locations: palate, upper lip, buccal mucosa

• population: adults 30-50

What is adenoid cystic carcinoma? (+ common location, histology, population)

CONSTANT PAIN

• firm, poorly-defined swelling

• histo: swiss cheese

• common location: palate

• population: females 50-60

How does Non-Hodgkin lymphoma appear orally?

Palatal swelling

What are ACUTE ulcerated lesions?

• Traumatic ulcer

• Aphthous ulcer - MINOR (canker sore)

• Aphthous ulcer - MAJOR

• Aphthous ulcer - HERPETIFORM

• NUG/NUP

• Primary Herpetic Gingivostomatitis

• Recurrent Herpes Simplex (cold sore/fever blister)

• Herpes Zoster (shingles)

• Chicken pox

• Pharyngitis

• Herpangina

• HFM disease

• Necrotizing sialometaplasia

• Necrotizing stomatitis

• Electric burn

What is a traumatic ulcer? (+ common locations, associated with)

associated with trauma

• common locations: cheek, lips, tongue

• heals within 14-21 days

What is a minor aphthous ulcer? (+ other name, associated with, common location)

AKA: Canker Sore; PAINFUL shallow ulcer less than 1 cm with red halo

• MOST COMMON APHTHOUS ULCER

• associated with Behcet Syndrome & ulcerative colitis

• common location: alveolar mucosa (NEVER on ging/palate)

What is a major aphthous ulcer? (+ common locations)

1-3cm ulcer

• larger than aphthous minor

• common locations: labial mucosa, soft palate

• scarring

What are herpetiform aphthous ulcers? (+ common location, population)

multiple tiny ulcers

• common location: anywhere in oral cavity

• population: females

What is NUG/NUP? (+ common location, bacteria, population, associated with)

Borrelia vencentii - bacteria

• necrotic papilla

• odor

• NUP associated with HIV

• common location: gingiva

• population: young adults/teens

What is recurrent herpes simplex? (+ other name, common location)

AKA Cold sore, fever blister

• HSV

• vesicles then crusts

• lip lesion

• infective until crusted (day 6-7)

• prodromal

What is primary herpetic gingivostomatitis? (population)

initial HSV infection

• multiple oral vesicles rupture = ulcers

• Population: children

What is Herpes Zoster? (+ other name, population)

AKA shingles

• HZV recurrent infection

• follows dermatome - never crosses midline

• vesicles

• extreme PAIN

• population: older adults above 60

What is chicken pox? (+ other name, population)

Varicella Zoster

• HZV primary infection

• population: children

What is pharyngitis? (+ common locations, type of virus)

Strep or adenovirus

• common location: tonsils/soft palate

What is herpangina? (+ type of virus, common location, population)

Coxsackie virus

• vesicles on soft palate

• population: children

What is hand, foot, mouth disease? (+ type of virus, population)

Coxsackie virus

• oral vesicles + skin lesions

• population: children

What is necrotizing sialometaplasia? (+ associated with, common location)

PAINFUL swelling

• associated with decreased blood supply (trauma, injection, CD)

• common location: hard palate

What is necrotizing stomatitis? (+ associated with)

destruction of periodontal tissues

• associated with HIV

What is an electric burn? (+ population)

necrosis of tissues - including tooth buds

• population: children

What are CHRONIC ulcerated lesions?

• actinic cheilitis (solar cheilitis)

• traumatic granuloma

• TB (scrofula)

• SCC

• Pemphigus vulgaris

• Mucous membrane pemphigoid (cicatricial pemphigoid)

• Behcet syndrome

• Erosive lichen planus

• Mucormycosis (phycomycosis)

• cyclic neutropenia

What is actinic cheilitis? (+ other name, common location, population)

AKA solar cheilitis; loss of vermillion border

• dry, cracked lesion

• common location: lower lip

• population: fair skinned adults over 40

• dysplasia = pre-cancerous

What is a traumatic granuloma?

long-standing traumatic ulcer

• raised, firm border

How does TB present orally? (+ common locations, bacteria)

single chronic ulcer

• common locations: tongue, gingiva, palate

• Mycobacterium tuberculosis

• EX: Scrofula (neck)

What is pemphigus vulgaris? (+ common location, population)

Multiple ragged ulcers/erosions

• POSITIVE NIKOLSKY SIGN

• autoimmune disease - DESMOSOMES

• skin lesions

• common location: gingiva (mucosa)

• population: middle-aged adults

What is mucous membrane pemphigoid? (+ other name, common location, population)

AKA cicatricial pemphigoid

• multiple ulcers/erosions

• positive Nikolsky sign

• eye scarring; no skin lesions

• autoimmune disease: HEMIDESMOSOMES

• common location: gingiva (mucosa)

• population: older females over 65

What is Behcet syndrome? (+ population)

ulcers of all mucous membranes

• autoimmune disease

• population: young adults - asian

What is mucormycosis? (+ other name, common locations, associated with)

AKA phycomycosis

• Fungal infection - destroys sinus, nose, and palate

• associated with DM or immunocompromised pt

What is cyclic neutropenia?

PAINFUL

• genetic

• multiple deep ulcers for 21 days

Which lesions present with generalized gingival enlargement?

• leukemia

• gingival hyperplasia

• hereditary gingival fibromatosis

• pregnancy gingivitis

What is gingival hyperplasia? (common locations, associated with)

increased size of marginal and attached gingiva

• local or generalized

• associated with drugs - Dilantin

What is hereditary gingival fibromatosis? (+ population)

genetic gingival hyperplasia

• population: children

What is pregnancy gingivitis? (+ population)

hormonal gingival hyperplasia

• population: females

What are skin lesions?

• bullous pemphigoid

• seborrheic keratosis

• melanocytic nevus (mole)

• melanoma

• actinic keratosis

• BCC

• cutaneous SCC

• impetigo

• epidermoid cyst

• branchial cleft cyst

• thyroglossal tract cyst

• vascular malformation

• neurofibromatosis (vonRecklinghausen ds)

• Papillon-LeFevre syndrome

• cleidocranial dysplasia

• nevoid basal cell carcinoma sx (Gorlin sx)

• Gardner syndrome

• multiple endocrine neoplasia IIB (multiple mucosal neuroma sx)

• sjogren syndrome

What is bullous pemphigoid? (+ common location, population)

blisters and bullae of skin

• usually NO ORAL LESIONS

• autoimmune disease: HEMIDESMOSOMES

• population: older adults over 60

What is seborrheic keratosis? (+ common location, population)

multiple well-defined, brown-black, raised plaques

• Cracked surface

• AGE SPOTS

• common location: face

• population: older adults

How does melanoma appear on the skin?

Black-brown plaque

• bad sunburn

• ABCDE:

○ A - asymmetry

○ B - border irreg

○ C - color irreg

○ D - diameter over 6mm

○ E - evolving (usually flat, evolves as raised lesion)

What is actinic keratosis? ( + common location, population)

reddish plaque with scaly white surface

• dysplasia - precancerous

• sun exposure

• common location: face

• population: adults over 40

What is BCC?

MOST COMMON SKIN CANCER

• papule with central ulcer + rolled white border

• common location: middle 1/3 of face

• fair skin - sun exposure

What is cutaneous SCC? (+ common location)

elevated growth with central ulcer or red scaly patch

• fair skin - sun exposure

• common location: face