Science earth systems

5 criterias needed to be considered a mineral.

Naturally occurring, inorganic, solid, must have a definite crystalline structure, and it must have a definite chemical composition.

Why is color not a useful property to identify minerals?

Some minerals have multiple colors.

Some minerals share colors.

What was the formula for specific gravity?

d/d-w

What mineral possesses magnetism?

Magnetite

What mineral possesses a reaction to acid?

Calcite

What mineral possesses a salty taste?

Halite

What mineral possesses a soapy feel?

Talc

What mineral possesses a rotten egg smell?

Sphalerite

What is the hardest mineral?

Diamonds

What is the softest mineral?

Talc

what percentage of Earth’s crust is made of silicates?

96%

What are the six groups of non-silicates?

Carbonates, sulfates, halides, oxydies, sulfides, and native elements.

What is a carbonate?

Compounds of elements and CO3. examples: calcite, machite, dolomite.

What is a sulfate?

Compounds of certainty elements and SO4. Example: halite and fluorite.

What is a halide?

Compounds of certain elements and chlorine fluorine, iodine and bromine. Example: halite and fluorite.

What is oxydies?

Compounds containing oxygen. Example: Hematite and magnetite.

What is a sulfide?

Compounds of certain elements and sulfur. Examples: galena or iron sulfide.

What is a native element?

Copper (cu), gold (au), silver, (ag) , sulfur (s), Carbon, (C), (diamond and graphite)

What group does calcite belong to?

Carbonates

What group does quartz belong to?

Silicates

What group does Galena belong to

Sulfides

What group does talc belong to?

native elements.

what is an ore?

A mineral that can be mined for a profit.

How do we know what the interior of the earth is made of.

Because of the principle method. p-waves (solids and liquids.) S-waves (liquids.)

What are the two types of crust?

oceanic and continental.

Which type of crust is most dense and what is it made of?

Oceanic and it is made of basalt.

Which type of crust is less dense and what kind of rock is it made of.

Continental and it is made of granite.

Which layer of the earth acts like hot asphalt and breaks up the lithosphere into plates?

The Asthenosphere (semi-rigid) part of the upper mantle.

Which layer of the Earth is responsible for the Earth’s magnetic field?

The outer core.

How is the Earth’s magnetic field created.

Rotation of liquid outer core around the solid inner core.

What is the Earth’s inner core made of?

Iron and small amounts of nickle.