HESI FLASHCARDS

What does St. John’s Wort treat?

Depression

Major risk with St. John’s Wort?

Serotonin syndrome

What does Ginkgo increase risk of?

Bleeding

What does Vitamin E do with anticoagulants?

↑ bleeding risk

How do you give liquid iron?

Straw + with vitamin C

Avoid giving iron with what?

Milk/antacids

Expected side effect of iron?

Black stools

What does Lasix cause?

Hypokalemia (LOW K)

Symptom of low potassium?

Muscle cramps

Side effect of ACE inhibitors?

Hyperkalemia (HIGH K)

What do you check before giving digoxin?

Apical pulse (1 min)

Hold digoxin if HR is?

< 60 bpm

First sign of toxicity?

N/V

Classic toxicity sign?

Yellow/green halos

What lab monitors warfarin?

INR

Antidote for warfarin?

Vitamin K

Foods that affect warfarin?

Leafy greens

Main risk with heparin?

Bleeding

Nitroglycerin is used for?

Angina

Key side effect of nitroglycerin?

Hypotension

Why remove patch at night?

Prevent tolerance

What is albuterol used for?

Acute asthma (rescue)

First sign of hypoxia?

Restlessness

Are leukotriene inhibitors rescue meds?

No (prevention only)

Theophylline toxicity causes?

Seizures

When do you give rapid insulin?

Right before meals

Peak of regular insulin?

2–4 hours

Can Lantus be mixed?

No

Symptoms of hypoglycemia?

Sweating, confusion, shakiness

When do you stop metformin?

Before contrast dye

When to take levothyroxine?

Morning, empty stomach

What is a superinfection?

New infection after antibiotics

Too fast infusion of vancomycin causes?

Red man syndrome

Toxicity from vancomycin affects what?

Kidneys + ears

Tetracycline should be avoided with?

Milk

Major risk with penicillin?

Anaphylaxis

What must be avoided with flagyl (metronidazole)?

Alcohol

Risk associated with ciprofloxacin?

Tendon rupture

Lithium toxicity signs?

N/V, confusion, tremor

Important teaching for lithium?

Maintain sodium + fluids

Foot tapping/restlessness = ?

Akathisia

Benztropine is used for?

EPS symptoms

Most dangerous side effect of opioids?

Respiratory depression

What does naloxone do?

Reverses opioids

Why repeat doses of naloxone?

Short half-life

Acetaminophen overdose damages what?

Liver

Antidote for acetaminophen?

Acetylcysteine

Major risk of NSAIDs?

GI bleeding

Vitamin D overdose causes?

Hypercalcemia

How should steroids be stopped?

Tapered (NOT abruptly)

Ultra-fast review: What do you do for Digoxin if HR < 60?

HOLD

Ultra-fast review: What is the antidote for Warfarin?

Vitamin K

Ultra-fast review: Major risk of Heparin?

Bleeding

Ultra-fast review: What does Lasix cause?

LOW K

Ultra-fast review: Side effect of ACE inhibitors?

HIGH K

Ultra-fast review: KCl should NEVER be?

IV push

Ultra-fast review: What is albuterol used for?

Rescue

Ultra-fast review: What do you check before giving insulin?

Check glucose first

Ultra-fast review: When to hold metformin?

For contrast

Ultra-fast review: What should you do with Vancomycin infusion?

Slow infusion

Ultra-fast review: What must be avoided with Flagyl?

No alcohol

Ultra-fast review: Most dangerous side effect of Opioids?

Respiratory depression

Ultra-fast review: What does narcan do?

Reversal