GEOG Exam 3 Practice Questions

Octopus vulgaris and Octopus dolfleini…

1. Are members of the same species

2. Share a common ancestor

3. Can mate & produce viable offspring in the wild

4. Are common names for an octopus

5. All of the above

Share a common ancestor

Which is not a type of biodiversity?

1. Species

2. Common

3. Genetic

4. Ecosystem

Common

Sciurus carolinensis and Sciurus aberti...

 

• Are members of the same species

• Are common names for squirrels

• Are common names for octopus

• Share a common ancestor

• Can mate & produce viable offspring in the wild

• Share a common ancestor

Why is the Tigon (the offspring of a male tiger and female lion) not considered a species?

 

None of these....Tigons are considered a species.

 

Tigers and lions don't reproduce normally in the wild

 

Tigons aren't morphologically similar

 

The Tigon is not capable of mating and producing viable offspring

Tigers and lions don't reproduce normally in the wild

The scientific binomial  ___________. (select all that complete the sentence correctly)

 

is the kingdom that the species belongs to

 

is the same as the common name for a species

 

includes the Genus and species names

 

is locally assigned and may be different in different places

 

is unique and used worldwide

• includes the Genus and species names

• is unique and used worldwide

Match the following terms to their definition:

Endemic, Native, Introduced, Invasive

Endemic Species: unique to a defined geographic location

Native Species: either endemic or indigenous; may live in numerous locations

Introduced Species: living outside its native distributional range, which has arrived there

by human activity

Invasive Species: non-native/introduced to the ecosystem and causes/is likely to cause economic, environmental harm or harm to human health

Which is NOT correct about species?

A. Individuals of the same species must be able to mate in the wild and produce viable offspring

B. Individuals of the same species must be morphologically similar (look alike)

C. We think that we have identified all species to be able to accurately determine species biodiversity (# of species)

D. It is possible for a species to be found in only one type of rainforest tree

We think that we have identified all species to be able to accurately determine species biodiversity (# of species)

Which of the following would be considered an abiotic component of an ecosystem.  Select all that are correct.

 

air

 

water (quantity and quality)

 

mutualism

 

temperature

 

daylength (photoperiod)

 

niche

• Air

• Water

• Daylength

• Temperature

Dwarf mistletoe grows on Douglas fir and other conifers in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado.  As a result, the host tree suffers reductions in growth and seed production and is prone to disease.  This is an example of ________________ (a type of symbiosis).

 

mutualism

 

habitat

 

parasitism

 

commensalism

parasitism

In an ocean ecosystem, krill eat phytoplankton; squid and seals both eat krill; and sperm whales eat squid.  In this scenario, which is NOT correctly matched below?

 

squid...secondary consumer

 

sperm whale...tertiary consumer

 

squid...carnivore

 

krill...herbivore

 

krill...primary producer

 

seals...secondary consumer

krill...primary producer

The lynx and hare population cycle is an example of which the following?

• Biotic interaction

• Introduced (invasive) species interaction

• Endemic species interaction

•  Abiotic interaction

• Biotic interaction

f tropical soils have such low fertility, how do

they support such productive ecosystems?

1. Trees have deep roots to access nutrients stored deep in the soils

2. Tropical forest trees don’t require as many nutrients due to good growing conditions

3. Nutrients from biomass are rapidly recycled by decomposers to release nutrients

4. Some plants are adapted to get nutrients from places other than the soil (eg. from insects)

5. 1 & 2 are correct

6. 3 & 4 are correct

7. All of the above are correct

3 & 4 are correct

• Nutrients from biomass are rapidly recycled by decomposers to release nutrients

• Some plants are adapted to get nutrients from places other than the soil (eg. from insects)

In addition to being a Keystone species, the Black-tailed

Prairie Dog is also considered a _________ species in

Colorado.

A. Endemic

B. Native

C. Introduced

D. Invasive

Native

What is the difference between tropical

savannah & mid-latitude grasslands?

1. Temperatures

2. Animal species

3. Presence of trees

4. Latitude

5. All of the above

All of the above

Which is NOT a type of disturbance that the plants of Tropical Savanna Biomes are adapted to?

 

• drought

•  fire

•  plowing

•  grazing

plowing

Mid-Latitude Grasslands are also known by which of the following names?  Select all that apply.

 

• Savanna

•  Pampas

•  Steppe

•  Prairie

• Pampas

•  Steppe

•  Prairie

Some of the Earth's most significant agricultural soils are found in grasslands and classified as  _______________.

 

• Oxisols

• Herbisols

• Mollisols

• Mollisols

What elements differ between  tropical savannah & mid-latitude grasslands?  Select all that are correct.

 

• they have seasonal rainfall

• their latitude

• grasses are the dominant plant form

• their temperatures

• the presence of trees

• their latitude

• their temperatures

• the presence of trees

Which would NOT be considered a carbon sink?

 

• Growing forests

• Landfills

• Ocean sediments (carbonates)

 

Landfills

Which of the following is NOT true about food, compost & the carbon cycle?

 

• CH4 is a stronger greenhouse gas than CO2

• Landfills are anoxic (no O2) & release CH4

• Plants (food) fix O2 as they grow

• Compost piles release CO2

• Plants (food) fix O2 as they grow

Which of the following is a natural factor in soil formation and development?  Select all that apply.

 

• human interventions (eg. plowing)

• Biological activity (organisms)

• Time

• Climate

• Relief and Topography

• Biological activity (organisms)

• Time

• Climate

• Relief and Topography

Soil profiles are made up of visually distinct and physically or chemically different layers known as ______________.

 

• strata

• horizons

• taxa

• pedons

• horizons

The most general category of the U.S. Soil Taxonomy (soil classification system) is called a soil __________.  There are twelve of them worldwide.

Order

As a seed grows to a tree where does most of the biomass come from?

 

• liquid water held in plant cells

• sunlight energy 

• nutrients from the soil

• CO2 from the air

• CO2 from the air

Which is NOT an abiotic characteristic of a Tropical Rain Forest Biome?

 

• fertile soils

•  high insolation

•  average annual temperature of 25 deg C (77 deg F)

•  consistent year-round daylength

Fertile soils

In rainforests, the forest floor may receive only _____ of the sunlight that strikes the overstory canopy.

 

• 10%

• 100%

• 1%

• 50%

1%

Which is NOT true about the dominant type of Tropical Rain Forest Soils?

 

they are called oxisols

 

they have a distinctive brown organic-rich horizon

 

they have distinctive horizons of iron and aluminum oxides

 

they have experienced high degrees of eluviation

 

they are nutrient-poor

They have a distinctive brown organic-rich horizon

If tropical soils have such low fertility, how do they support such productive ecosystems? (select all that are correct)

 

Trees have deep roots to access nutrients stored deep in the soils

 

Some plants are adapted to get nutrients from places other than the soil (eg. from insects)

 

Nutrients from biomass are rapidly recycled by decomposers to release nutrients

 

Tropical forest trees don’t require as many nutrients due to good growing conditions

Some plants are adapted to get nutrients from places other than the soil (eg. from insects)

Nutrients from biomass are rapidly recycled by decomposers to release nutrients

Plants in the alpine tundra often have low forms that are shaped by __________. 

 

• water

• wind

•  grazers

•  freeze-thaw

• wind

In the arctic tundra, growing seasons last _________ .

 

6-8 days

6-8 months

year-round

60-80 days

60-80 days

Plants common to tundra environments include ________ that can form flower buds one summer and open them for pollination the next.

 

gymnosperms

annuals

evergreen plants

deciduous trees

perennials

perennials

Which of the following correctly describes Gelisols?  Choose all that apply.

 

• contain about half the pool of global carbon

• thick soil profiles with well developed horizons

• slow soil development

• cold and frozen soils with permafrost within 2 m of the surface

• can store large amounts of organic matter

•  experience cryoturbation

• quick recovery from disturbance

• can store large amounts of organic matter

• slow soil development

• experience cryoturbation

• contain about half the pool of global carbon

• cold and frozen soils with permafrost within 2 m of the surface

Which is NOT a type of natural disturbance event that might result in succession of new communities?

 

• logging

• volcanic eruption

• windstorms or tornado

• severe flooding

•  wildfire

• logging

Areas of bare rock or a disturbed site with no vestige of a former community can be a site for ________ succession.

 

• disturbance

• secondary

• primary

• climax

• primary