Lab Test 3 OIAIs

Gluteus Maximus

Origin: Gluteal line of the ilium, sacrum

Insertion: Gluteal tuberosity, IT band

Action: Extension and lateral rotation of hip

Innervation: Inferior gluteal nerve

Gluteus Medius

Origin: Gluteal line of the ilium

Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur

Action: Hip abduction

Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve

Gluteus Minimus

Origin: Gluteal line of the ilium

Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur

Action: Hip abduction

Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve

Piriformis

Origin: Sacrum

Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur

Action: Lateral rotation of hip

Innervation: Spinal nerves

Superior Gemellus

Origin: Ischial Spine

Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur

Action: Lateral rotation of hip

Innervation: Spinal nerves

Obturator Internus

Origin: Obturator foramen

Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur

Action: Lateral rotation of hip

Innervation: Spinal nerves

Inferior Gemellus

Origin: Ischial tuberosity

Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur

Action: Lateral rotation of hip

Innervation: Spinal nerves

Quadratus Femoris

Origin: Ischial tuberosity

Insertion: Intertrochanteric crest

Action: Lateral rotation of hip

Innervation: Spinal nerves

Obturator Externus

Origin: Obturator foramen

Insertion: Intertrochanteric crest

Action: Lateral rotation of hip

Innervation: Obturator nerve

Tensor Fascia Latae

Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine

Insertion: IT band

Action: Hip flexion and abduction

Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve

Iliacus

Origin: Upper 2/3 of the iliac fossa

Insertion: Lesser trochanter of femur

Action: Hip flexion

Innervation: Femoral nerve (femoral for iliopsoas)

Psoas Major

Origin: Transverse processes, bodies of lumbar vertebrae

Insertion: Lesser trochanter of femur

Action: Hip flexion

Innervation: Spinal nerve (femoral for iliopsoas)

Rectus Femoris

Origin: Anterior inferior iliac spine

Insertion: Tibial tuberosity or patellar ligament

Action: Hip flexion and knee extension

Innervation: Femoral nerve

Sartorius

Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine

Insertion: Goose's foot

Action: Hip flexion, abduction, lateral rotation, and knee flexion

Innervation: Femoral nerve

Adductor Magnus

Origin: Inferior pubic ramus or ischial ramus

Insertion: Adductor tubercle on medial condyle of femur, and linea aspera

Action: Hip extension and adduction

Innervation: Obturator nerve

Adductor Longus

Origin: Pubic crest

Insertion: Linea aspera (inferior)

Action: Hip adduction

Innervation: Obturator nerve

Adductor Brevis

Origin: Inferior pubic ramus

Insertion: Linea aspera (superior)

Action: Hip adduction

Innervation: Obturator nerve

Gracilis

Origin: Inferior pubic ramus or ischial ramus

Insertion: Goose's foot

Action: Hip flexion and adduction

Innervation: Obturator nerve

Pectineus

Origin: Pectineal line of pubis

Insertion: Pectineal line of femur

Action: Hip adduction

Innervation: Obturator nerve

Semimembranosus

Origin: Ischial tuberosity

Insertion: Medial condyle of tibia

Action: Hip extension and knee flexion

Innervation: Sciatic nerve

Semitendinosus

Origin: Ischial tuberosity

Insertion: Goose's foot

Action: Hip extension and knee flexion

Innervation: Sciatic nerve

Biceps Femoris Long Head

Origin: Ischial Tuberosity

Insertion: Head of fibula

Action: Hip extension and knee flexion

Innervation: Sciatic nerve

Biceps Femoris Short Head

Origin: Linea aspera

Insertion: Head of fibula

Action: Knee flexion

Innervation: Sciatic nerve

Vastus Medialis

Origin: Intertrochanteric line and linea aspera

Insertion: Tibial tuberosity or patellar ligament

Action: Knee extension

Innervation: Femoral nerve

Vastus Intermedius

Origin: Upper 2/3 of femur

Insertion: Tibial tuberosity or patellar ligament

Action: Knee extension

Innervation: Femoral nerve

Vastus Lateralis

Origin: Greater trochanter and linea aspera

Insertion: Tibial tuberosity or patellar ligament

Action: Knee extension

Innervation: Femoral nerve

Popliteus

Origin: Lateral condyle of femur

Insertion: Proximal tibia

Action: Knee flexion

Innervation: Tibial nerve

Plantaris

Origin: Lateral condyle of femur

Insertion: Calcaneus, Achilles tendon

Action: Knee flexion, foot plantarfexion

Innervation: Tibial nerve

Gastrocnemius Medial Head

Origin: Medial condyle of femur

Insertion: Calcaneus, Achilles tendon

Action: Foot plantarflexion

Innervation: Tibial nerve

Gastrocnemius Lateral Head

Origin: Lateral condyle of femur

Insertion: Calcaneus, Achilles tendon

Action: Foot plantarflexion

Innervation: Tibial nerve

Tibialis Anterior

Origin: Lateral condyle of tibia

Insertion: Metatarsal 1

Action: Foot dorsiflexion and inversion

Innervation: Deep fibular nerve

Extensor Digitorum Longus

Origin: Lateral condyle of tibia, proximal fibula

Insertion: Distal phalanges 2-5

Action: Extension of digits 2-5, foot extension and dorsiflexion

Innervation: Deep fibular nerve

Peroneus (Fibularis) Tertius

Origin: Distal third of fibula

Insertion: Metatarsal 5

Action: Foot dorsiflexion and eversion

Innervation: Deep fibular nerve

Extensor Hallucis Longus

Origin: Middle fibula

Insertion: Distal phalanx of digit 1

Action: Extension of digit 1, foot dorsiflexion and inversion

Innervation: Deep fibular nerve

Peroneus (Fibularis) Longus

Origin: Fibular head

Insertion: Metatarsal 1

Action: Foot plantarflexion and eversion

Innervation: Superficial fibular nerve

Peroneus (Fibularis) Brevis

Origin: Distal 2/3 of fibula

Insertion: Metatarsal 5

Action: Foot plantarflexion and eversion

Innervation: Superficial fibular nerve

Soleus

Origin: Fibular head and tibia

Insertion: Calcaneus and Achilles tendon

Action: Knee flexion and foot plantarflexion

Innervation: Tibial nerve

Tibialis Posterior

Origin: Tibia and proximal fibula

Insertion: Metatarsals 2-4 and tarsal bones

Action: Foot plantarflexion and inversion

Innervation: Tibial nerve

Flexor Digitorum Longus

Origin: Tibia

Insertion: Distal phalanges of digits 2-5

Action: Flexion of distal phlanges of digits 2-5 and foot plantarflexion

Innervation: Tibial nerve

Flexor Hallucis Longus

Origin: Distal fibula

Insertion: Distal phalanx of digit 1

Action: Flexion of distal phalanx 1 and foot plantarflexion

Innervation: Tibial nerve

Extensor Digitorum Brevis

Origin: Calcaneus

Insertion: Extensor digitorum longus tendons of digits 2-4

Action: Extension of digits 2-4

Innervation: Deep fibular nerve

Extensor Hallucis Brevis

Origin: Calcaneus

Insertion: Extensor hallucis longus tendon

Action: Extension of digit 1

Innervation: Deep fibular nerve

Dorsal Interossei

Origin: Metatarsals

Insertion: Proximal phalanges of digits 2-4

Action: Abduction of digits 2-4

Innervation: Lateral plantar nerve

Abductor Hallucis

Origin: Calcaneal tuberosity

Insertion: Proximal phalanx of digit 1

Action: Flexion and abduction of digit 1

Innervation: Medial plantar nerve

Abductor Digiti Minimi

Origin: Calcaneal tuberosity

Insertion: Proximal phalanx of digit 5

Action: Flexion and abduction of digit 5

Innervation: Lateral plantar nerve

Flexor Digitorum Brevis

Origin: Calcanear tuberosity

Insertion: Middle phalanges of digits 2-5

Action: Flexion of digits 2-5

Innervation: Medial plantar nerve

Flexor Digiti Minimi

Origin: Metatarsal 5

Insertion: Proximal phalanx of digit 5

Action: Flexion of digit 5 at the MTP joint

Innervation: Lateral plantar nerve

Flexor Hallucis Brevis

Origin: Cuneiform and cuboid

Insertion: Proximal phalanx of digit 1

Action: Flexion of digit 1 at MTP joint

Innervation: Medial plantar nerve

Quadratus Plantae

Origin: Calcaneus

Insertion: Tendons of flexor digitorum longus

Action: Flexion of digits 2-5

Innervation: Lateral plantar nerve

Lumbricals

Origin: Tendons of flexor digitorum longus

Insertion: Proximal phalanx of digits 2-5

Action: Flexion of MTP, Extension of PIP and DIP

Innervation: Lateral plantar nerve

Adductor Hallucis

Origin: Metatarsals 2-4

Insertion: Metatarsal 1

Action: Adduction of digit 1

Innervation: Lateral plantar nerve

Plantar Interossei

Origin: Metatarsals 3-5

Insertion: Proximal phalanx of digits 3-5

Action: Adduction of digits 3-5

Innervation: Lateral plantar nerve

Sternocleidomastoid (SCM)

Origin: Manubrium, medial third of clavicle

Insertion: Mastoid process

Action: Neck extension, flexion, and lateral flexion; lateral flexion of spine

Innervation: Accessory nerve

Trapezius

Origin: Occipital bone, spinous processes

Insertion: Lateral third of clavicle, acromion process, spine of scapula

Action: Neck extension, lateral flexion, and rotation

Innervation: Accessory nerve

Scalene Anterior

Origin: Transverse processes

Insertion: Scalene tubercle of rib 1

Action: Lateral flexion of neck and spine

Innervation: Spinal nerves

Scalene Middle

Origin: Transverse processes

Insertion: Scalene tubercle of rib 1

Action: Lateral flexion of neck and spine

Innervation: Spinal nerves

Scalene Posterior

Origin: Transverse processes

Insertion: Rib 2

Action: Elevation of ribs 1-2, lateral flexion of neck

Innervation: Spinal nerves

Splenius Capitis

Origin: Spinous processes

Insertion: Occipital bone & mastoid process

Action: Head/neck extension, lateral flexion, and rotation

Innervation: Spinal nerves

Internal Intercostals

Origin: Ribs

Insertion: Ribs

Action: Depression of ribs

Innervation: Intercostal nerves

External Intercostals

Origin: Ribs

Insertion: Ribs

Action: Elevation of ribs

Innervation: Intercostal nerves

Rectus abdominus

Origin: Pubic crest

Insertion: Pubis, ribs, xiphoid process

Action: Flexion of spine

Innervation: Spinal nerves

External Oblique

Origin: Sternum, ribs

Insertion: Pubis, linea alba, iliac crest

Action: Lateral flexion and rotation of spine

Innervation: Spinal nerves

Internal Oblique

Origin: Lateral third of inguinal ligament, iliac crest, ribs

Insertion: Ribs, linea alba

Action: Lateral flexion and rotation of spine

Innervation: Spinal nerves

Transverse Abdominus

Origin: Lateral third of inguinal ligament, iliac crest, ribs

Insertion: Linea alba

Action: Rotation of spine

Innervation: Spinal nerves

Diaphragm

Origin: Xiphoid process, ribs, lumbar vertebrae

Insertion: Central tendon of diaphragm

Action: Expansion of thoracic cavity, compression of abdominal cavity

Innervation: Phrenic nerve

Spinalis

Origin: Spinous process

Insertion: Spinous process

Action: Extension and lateral flexion of spine

Innervation: Spinal nerves

Longissimus

Origin: Transverse processes

Insertion: Transverse processes

Action: Extension and lateral flexion of spine

Innervation: Spinal nerves

Iliocostalis

Origin: Iliac crest

Insertion: Ribs

Action: Extension and lateral flexion of spine

Innervation: Spinal nerves

Quadratus Lumborum

Origin: Iliac crest

Insertion: Rib 12, transverse processes

Action: Depression of 12th rib, lateral flexion of spine

Innervation: Spinal nerves