Ch. 6 Exercises Used For Strength Trainning

Isometric Contraction

Muscle produces force without joint movement

Concentric Action

Muscle shortens while producing force

Eccentric Action

Muscle lengthens while producing force

Isokinetic Exercise

Movement occurs at a constant speed regardless of force applied

Strength Topography

Comparison of strength among different muscle groups

Nonspecific Exercise

Exercise that does not closely resemble the sport skill

Specific Exercise

Exercise that closely matches the movement pattern of a sport

Sport Exercise

Movement pattern of a sport performed with added resistance (Ex. weighted baseballs)

Whole-Body Kinetic Chain Exercises

Multi-joint exercises involving coordinated muscle activity

EMG

Measures electrical activity of muscles

Traditional Resistance

Resistance provided by body weight or external loads

Pneumatic Resistance

Resistance created through air pressure

Primary Goal for Qualified Athletes

Use exercises that closely match sport demands

Time-Deficit Zone

Time period too short to produce maximal force

Force-Velocity Relationship

As force increases, velocity decreases

Peak-Contraction Principle

Strengthening the weakest point of a movement

Accommodating Resistance

Resistance changes throughout the range of motion

Accentuation

Training focused on sport-specific joint angles

Reversible Muscle Action

Muscle is stretched immediately before shortening

Valsalva Maneuve

Expiratory effort against a closed glottis

specific

Exercises that match the movement pattern of a sport are considered __________ exercises.

injury

Beginning athletes should focus on strengthening weak muscles to reduce the risk of __________.

whole-body

Squats, power cleans, and deadlifts are examples of __________ exercises.

palpation

A technique used to identify active muscles by feeling them contract is called muscle __________.

pneumatic

Resistance created by compressed air systems is known as __________ resistance.

time-deficit

The period when there is insufficient time to develop maximum force is called the __________ zone.

development

Heavy loads are generally not ideal for improving the rate of force __________.

decreases

As movement speed increases, the amount of force that can be produced generally __________.

curve

Proper body position can help fine-tune resistance to a joint's strength __________.

sticking

The weakest point in a movement is often called the __________ point.

accommodating

Resistance that changes to match strength throughout the movement is called __________ resistance.

5 to 6

Isometric contractions are typically held for about __________ to __________ seconds.

DOMS

A condition characterized by muscle soreness after exercise is abbreviated as __________.

stretch

Exercises involving a rapid stretch before shortening are often associated with the __________-shortening cycle.

3 to 4

Depth jumps should generally be reserved for athletes with at least __________ to __________ years of training experience.

technique

During speed-resisted training, added resistance should not alter sport __________.

drag

Parachute running creates resistance through aerodynamic __________.

50

The Russian electrostimulation protocol commonly uses a modulation frequency of __________ Hz.

intensity

One factor influencing vibration training effectiveness is vibration __________.

Valsalva

Beginners should coordinate inhalation and exhalation rather than relying on the __________ maneuver.