Introduction to Vietnamese Linguistics Practice Flashcards

Comprehensive vocabulary-style flashcards covering the core concepts of Vietnamese Linguistics including History, Phonetics, Semantics, Pragmatics, and Syntax based on the lecture transcripts.

Austroasiatic (Nam Á) Family

The language family that Vietnamese belongs to, specifically within the Môn-Khmer branch.

Non-inflectional

A characteristic of Vietnamese where words do not change their morphological form to express grammatical meaning.

Syllabeme (Hình tiết)

The special basic unit of Vietnamese that typically corresponds to a syllable and often carries individual meaning.

Active Articulators

The organs used in speech production that move, specifically the tongue, lips, and soft palate (ngạc mềm).

Vietnamese Syllable Structure

Consists of $2$ levels (bậc) comprising components like tone (thanh điệu), initial consonant (âm đầu), and the rhyme (vần).

Referential Meaning (Nghĩa biểu vật)

The correspondence or projection of a word onto the specific object, phenomenon, or property that it names.

Significative Meaning (Nghĩa biểu niệm)

The reflection of the essential characteristics and attributes of an object within human consciousness.

Polysemy (Từ đa nghĩa)

Words that have multiple related meanings, often categorized into original (gốc) and derived (phái sinh) meanings.

Metaphor (Ẩn dụ)

A method of developing new word meanings based on similarities between objects or phenomena.

Metonymy (Hoán dụ)

A method of developing word meanings based on a logical association or contiguity between objects.

Homonyms (Từ đồng âm)

Words that are identical in pronunciation (phonetics) but differ entirely in meaning and origin.

Synonyms (Từ đồng nghĩa)

Words that are similar in meaning but differ in semantic nuances, stylistic shades, or both.

Antonyms (Từ trái nghĩa)

Words with opposite meanings that belong to the same semantic field and reflect contrasting logical concepts.

Parts of Speech (Từ loại)

Word classes grouped by grammatical nature, general meaning, combinatorial ability, and syntactic function.

Functional Words (Hư từ)

Words that lack independent referential meaning but are used to express grammatical relationships or attitudes.

Locutionary Act (Hành vi tạo lời)

The literal act of producing a meaningful linguistic expression with a specific sound and sense.

Illocutionary Act (Hành vi ở lời)

The act performed in saying something, which carries a specific communicative force such as a promise, a command, or a question.

Perlocutionary Act (Hành vi mượn lời)

The effect or consequence that an utterance has on the feelings, thoughts, or actions of the listener.

Performative Verbs (Động từ ngữ vi)

Verbs that perform the action they describe when used in the first person, present tense, such as 'promise', 'vow', or 'apologize'.

Noun Phrase (Danh ngữ)

A structural unit consisting of a central noun (head) accompanied by pre-modifiers and post-modifiers.

Compound Sentence (Câu ghép)

A sentence containing two or more clauses that are not nested within one another and are connected by specific grammatical relationships.

Reference (Chiếu vật)

The linguistic means by which a speaker refers to a specific object or event, enabling the listener to identify the intended referent.

Deixis (Chỉ xuất)

Linguistic elements that point to the context of an utterance, including categories of person, space, and time.

Grice's Cooperative Principle

A set of conversational rules including maxims of Quality, Quantity, Relation, and Manner to ensure effective communication.

Illocutionary Force Indicating Devices (IFIDs)

Specific linguistic markers, such as performative verbs or sentence structures, that indicate the intended effect of a speech act.