osmosis and active transport

What is osmosis

The movement of water particles (diffusion of water) from a dilute solution to a more concentrated solution through a partially permeable membrane

What do dilute solutions have

High concentration of water

What do concentrated solution shave

A low concentration of water

What do partially permeable membranes do

Allow some molecules to pass through but not all molecules

What is osmosis simply

The diffusion of water

Concentration of cytoplasm

Relatively concentrated

Had a relatively low concentration of water

What happens if we put a cell in water

Water moves into the cell by osmosis

What happens if water moves into a cell

The cell expands, and could even burst

What happens if water moves out the cell

Cell will shrink

What happens if we put an animal cell in a very high concentrated solution

Water moves out and cell will shrink

What happens if we put a plant cell in water

Water will move into the cell by osmosis and cell will expand. Cel wall prevents the plant from bursting so the cell becomes swollen instead. Scientists call this turgid

What happens if we place a plant cell in a concentrated solution

Water moves out of the cell by osmosis. This causes the cell to shrink, scientists say the cell has become flaccid

What is active transport

The movement of particles from an area of low concentration to a higher concentration agaisnt the concentration gradient, requiring energy

Where do we get the energy for active transport

Respiration

2 Differences between diffusion and active transport

in diffusion particles move down the concentration gradient, on active transport they move against it

Diffusion doesn’t require energy from respiration, whereas active transport does

Example of active transport in humans

The absorption of sugars and nutrients from the lumen of the small intestine to the intestinal cells and then transported to the blood

Example of active transport in plant

Root hair cell uses active transport to transport ions like magnesium from soil into cell and then transported to xylem vessels and then leaf

What do amgenisum ions do in plants

Make chlorophyll