Introduction to Human Body Systems

A set of flashcards focused on the key vocabulary and concepts related to human body systems.

T Cells

Also known as helper cells, they play a crucial role in the immune response.

Active Immunity

Immunity achieved through the use of immunizations.

Synovial Fluid

A fluid secreted by membranes to provide lubrication between bones.

Bone

The strongest connective tissue in the body.

Blood

The liquid matrix type of connective tissue.

Lymph Nodes

Filter lymphatic fluid to remove harmful particles and contribute to immune response.

Antigens

Substances that trigger the immune response and help determine blood type.

Mucous Membranes

Membranes found in the respiratory and digestive systems that produce mucus.

Endocrine Glands

Ductless glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream.

Exocrine Glands

Glands with ducts that secrete substances outside the body.

Connective Tissue

The supporting fabric of our bodies, providing support, mobility, and stability.

Adipose Tissue

A type of connective tissue that serves as energy storage and insulation.

Transitional Epithelium

Epithelial tissue that stretches and returns to its original shape, found in the urinary bladder.

Simple Columnar Epithelium

A type of epithelial tissue consisting of a single layer of tall cells.

Serous Membrane

An epithelial membrane that lines body cavities and covers organs.

Inflammation

A defense mechanism classified as innate or acquired; the innate being born with that ability.

Hyaline Cartilage

Connective tissue that makes up parts of the nose and trachea.

Acidic Solution

A solution with an excessive amount of hydrogen ions.

Hydrogen Ions

Ions that determine the acidity of a solution; higher concentration leads to more acidity.

Monosaccharides

The building blocks of carbohydrates.

Transverse Plane

A plane that divides the body into upper and lower parts.

Sagittal Plane

A plane that divides the body into right and left parts.

Frontal Plane

A plane that divides the body into front and back halves.

Homeostasis

The maintenance of a stable internal environment despite external changes.

Leukocytes

White blood cells that fight infection.

Albumin

A protein in blood that helps maintain blood volume.

Ribosomes

Organelles responsible for protein synthesis.

Nucleus

The control center of a cell, where DNA is stored.

Cytoplasm

The gel-like substance within the cell membrane.

Phospholipids

Molecules that make up the plasma membrane and are selectively permeable.

Bone Marrow

The location where blood cells are produced.

Calcium

An element required for the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin in blood clotting.

Fibrin

A protein that forms a mesh to seal off an injury during blood clotting.

Isotonic Solution

A solution where the concentration of solutes is equal inside and outside of the cell.

Hypertonic Solution

A solution that causes cells to shrink due to water moving out.

Hypotonic Solution

A solution that causes cells to swell due to water moving in.