basic prin disease QUIZ ch 4

prob best studied as flashcards

When does reciprocal translocation occur?

When pieces of chromosomes are exchanged between two nonhomologous chromosomes

Which of the following refers to the absence of a chromosome?

Monosomy

Which of the following is the major hazard of a rubella infection affecting a young, pregnant woman?

Congenital malformations in the fetus, if a susceptible pregnant woman acquires the infection in the first trimester

Which of the following syndromes occurs in males when there is an extra Y chromosome?

XYY

Most birth defects are known single gene defects.

False

Seropositive is defined as having antibodies to a pathogen.

True

Which of the following best describes failure of chromosome separation during meiosis?

Nondisjunction

A mother has given birth to an infant with cytomegalic inclusion disease. What does this indicate?

The mother has been previously infected with the cytomegalovirus (CMV) or the mother acquired a CMV infection during her pregnancy.

Which of the following is characterized by excessive absorption of iron, which accumulates within the body and disrupts organ functions?

Hemochromatosis

An increased concentration of alpha fetoprotein in maternal blood or amniotic fluid suggests that a fetus has Down syndrome.

False

Which of the following genes is responsible for the fragile X syndrome?

FMR1

Which of the following best describes a disease that is present at birth?

Congenital

TORCH complex is a mnemonic for organisms causing maternal infections injurious to the developing fetus.

True

Chromosome deletion occurs when:

a chromosome breaks during meiosis and the broken piece is lost from the cell.

Most persons with Turner syndrome have only a single X chromosome (45, X).

True

Most infants with Down syndrome are born to mothers who are carriers of chromosome 21, which is attached to another chromosome (translocation carrier).

False

HIV can be transmitted from the infected mother to the child both before and at birth.

True

Which of the following syndromes is a common abnormality in females and results from an absence of one X chromosome?

Turner’s