Chemistry Ch. 9

mixtures be

heterogenous and/or homogenous

What does a homogenous mixture have

solutions and colloids

Solutions are

Light transparency

DOES NOT separate

Nonfilterable

Colloids are

Opaque to light (murky)

DOES NOT separate

Nonfilterable

Colloids ex

milk, smoke, blood

Solvents (major component of mixture) are usually liquid, but sometimes

not a liquid!

REMEMBER: ____ dissolves ____

like, like

stronger the attraction between solute and solvent

greater solubility

Dilution means

add solvent (water)

strong electrolyte

completely dissociate into ions when dissolved → conduct electricity

Weak electrolyte

Partially dissociate into ions → poorly conduct electricity

Non-electrolyte

DO NOT dissociate into ions when in water → NO electricity (ex: sugar, ethanol, acetone)

Solution properties (list)

Vapor pressure lowering

Boiling point elevation

Freezing point depression

Osmotic pressure

Vapor pressure lowering

Boiling point elevation

Freezing point depression

Osmolarity

Particle concentration

Osmotic Pressure

minimum pressure (outside force) needed to stop osmosis

Unit for osmolarity

osmol

What’s the point of osmosis?

maintain cell shape/function

Titration

Adding one solution slowly of known concentration (titrant) to known volume of another solution of unknown concentration until neutralization reached