同义纯英

empirical

observational / evidence-based

foster

promote / encourage / cultivate

enhance

improve / strengthen / increase

facilitate

enable / support / make easier

significant

important / notable / considerable

substantial

considerable / large / strong

sufficient

enough / adequate

insufficient

inadequate / not enough

ambiguous

unclear / vague / uncertain

explicit

clear / direct / obvious

implicit

implied / indirect / unstated

objective

unbiased / impartial

subjective

personal / based on opinion

valid

acceptable / sound / reasonable

reliable

dependable / trustworthy

accurate

correct / precise

inaccurate

incorrect / imprecise

consistent

in agreement / compatible

inconsistent

conflicting / not in agreement

relevant

related / connected

irrelevant

unrelated / not connected

primary

main / major / central

crucial

essential / vital / important

major

significant / important

minor

less important / small

profound

deep / significant / far-reaching

superficial

shallow / not deep

complex

complicated / difficult

controversial

debated / disputed

fragile

easily damaged / vulnerable

vulnerable

susceptible / easily affected

susceptible

vulnerable / prone to

resilient

able to recover / strong

obsolete

outdated / no longer used

dominant

leading / controlling

alter

modify / change / adjust

modify

alter / adjust / revise

revise

modify / correct / improve

implement

carry out / put into practice

impose

enforce / apply / introduce

enforce

make people obey / implement

abolish

officially end / eliminate

suspend

temporarily stop / pause

restrict

limit / control

curb

reduce / control / limit

mitigate

reduce / ease / lessen

exacerbate

worsen / make worse

diminish

reduce / decrease / lessen

undermine

weaken / damage

hinder

impede / obstruct / delay

impede

hinder / obstruct / slow down

obstruct

block / hinder

contribute to

lead to / help cause

result in

lead to / cause

result from

be caused by / arise from

attributed to

caused by / due to

indicate

show / suggest

suggest

imply / indicate

reveal

show / disclose / expose

demonstrate

prove / show / illustrate

elucidate

clarify / explain clearly

clarify

make clear / explain

obscure

make unclear / hide

contradict

oppose / conflict with

support

back up / confirm

validate

confirm / prove valid

challenge

question / dispute

acknowledge

recognize / cite

cite

acknowledge sources / quote

fabricate

invent falsely / make up

compile

collect and organize

replicate

copy / repeat

initiate

begin / start

monitor

observe / track

evaluate

assess / judge

assess

evaluate / judge / estimate

analyze

examine / study

examine

investigate / study / analyze

identify

recognize / find / detect

determine

find out / establish / decide

accommodate

adjust to / provide for

uncover

discover / reveal

manipulate

control unfairly

hypothetical

assumed / theoretical

theoretical

conceptual / abstract

legitimate

valid / lawful / acceptable

adverse

harmful / negative / unfavorable

beneficial

helpful / positive

redundant

unnecessary / extra

nominal

very small / in name only

compulsory

required / mandatory

autonomous

independent / self-governing

compatible

consistent / able to work together

contingent

dependent / conditional

preliminary

initial / early

arbitrary

random / not based on reason

optional

not required / voluntary

intuitive

natural / based on instinct

superficial

shallow / not thorough

redundant

unnecessary / repetitive